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从生态批判角度解读《野性的呼唤》


全文字数:6500字左右  原创时间:<=2022年

【内容摘要】

从生态批判角度解读《野性的呼唤》


当今社会面临着空前的生态恶化的问题,,自然环境也受到了严重危害、全球性的生态系统失衡和生存环境不断恶化的问题日益突出。关注人类发展对环境的负面影响,科学技术日新月异的发展促使人类经济空前繁荣,人们在享受经济高速发展带来的诸多优惠时,也面临着空前严重的生态危机,在人类文明高度成熟与经济日益发达的当今世界,日益显露出的环境危机正以从未有过的破坏力威胁着人类的生存,对人类肆虐大自然造成的种种破坏,大自然也正以相同的方式对人类进行报复。      
杰克•伦敦的重要代表作《野性的呼唤》是描写自然生态的最有代表性和最强有力的作品,这部小说反映出作者对“人类中心说”的驳斥、对破坏自然和虐待动物的忧虑以及对生态整体论的认识,强调自然与动物的内在价值,人类对它们的依赖以及和谐关系的必要性。杰克•伦敦动物小说所蕴含的思想不仅有回归自然的主题,还有借回归自然进行生态批判的思想,另一方面对于培育人的正确价值观,实现人与自然,人与社会的和谐共生具有重要的启迪意义。
本文主要从生态批判的角度探究杰克•伦敦的《野性的呼唤》。挖掘其已有的生态伦理思想及其社会性,希望为启蒙人类的生态伦理意识和道德伦理意识点燃一盏明灯,引起人们内心的骚动,唤起人们更多的理解和思考 。只有人们用心去聆听自然的呼唤,自觉的践行正确的道德伦理才能更加接近自然,更加了解社会,达到和自然相融、社会相和谐的新境界。

关键词: 《野性的呼唤》;杰克•伦敦;生态批判;
Abstract

Nowadays human beings are faced with serious ecological problems and the natural environment is damaged terribly. It’s becoming more and more essential to realize that the global eco-system is losing its balance. The huge change of industrialization in the 21st centuries has made the mankind start realizing that industrial civilization not only brought comfortable and convenient life to people,but also has some negative influence on human’s natural environment and existing space to a certain degree. The fast development of economy made human beings lose their nature and direction of life fettered by material desires. Highly-developed economy is threatening human beings existence. The wild nature is avenging for people’s deterioration to it.
 One of Jack London’s masterpieces The Call of the Wild is an outstanding naturalistic work focusing on the ecology. This great work not only shows the author’s negative idea to the viewpoint--anthropocentrism, but also shows his concern for destroying nature. What’s more, the author emphasizes on the internal value of nature and animals, human’s dependence on them as well as the necessity of harmony among all of the creatures. The internal idea in Jack London’s work contains both return to nature and eco-criticism which is on the base of the theme of return to nature. On the other hand, it has very important meaning to shape human’s positive point of value, and to realize the harmony and co-existence between human and nature, between human and society.
  
   This work is mainly on the point of view of eco-criticism to analyze Jack London’s The Call of the Wild, to discover its ecological thinking and to make people aware of their inner consciousness to ecology. In addition, I wish to evoke people’s more understanding and thinking. And people should make efforts to experience and understand nature as well as to realize the importance of the harmony between human beings and society. Only in this way can we reach harmonious co-existence with nature wild and human society.  
 
Key words: The Call of the Wild; Jack London; Eco-Criticism;

 

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