对义乌外商生活状况及文化适应的调查

随着经济全球化以不可遏制的势头向前发展，跨文化研究己成为社会科学中一个重要研究领域，而该领域中的跨文化交际、文化适应等问题的研究又成为各国学者关注的焦点。在国外跨文化适应研究已经取得了长足的发展，不同领域的学者从不同的学科角度分析跨文化适应的相关内容，且涉及的应用范围也很广泛。但是在中国，跨文化研究在二十世纪八十年代初刚刚起步，跨文化适应的研究多数也仅仅局限于中国人在国外的文化适应。
随着中国对外开放的深入及义乌经济的突飞猛进，在义乌的外籍商人的数量迅速上升，因此研究他们在义乌的适应情况具有突出的现实意义。然而，该研究领域目前还存在很大的空白。所以，本文采用定性和定量两种研究方法，研究目的旨在了解该群体在中国义乌的跨文化适应情况及其影响因素。希望对外籍商人在义乌的跨文化适应有所帮助和启迪。
本文结合对义乌外商生活状况和文化适应的抽样调查以及对6名个案的观察和访谈，分析他们的生活和文化适应状况，探讨他们在义乌生活中遇到的各种问题以及影响社会互动和文化适应的各方面因素。研究结果表明外商在义乌的总体适应状况良好，其适应结果可归结为两方面：生活状况适应和社会文化适应，这些结果受到出国前的期待及准备、宗教信仰和社会支持等诸多因素的影响。

关键词：义乌外商；生活适应；跨文化适应

The Investigation on Foreign Businessmen’s Living Situation and Cultural Adaptation in Yiwu
Abstract: With the ongoing globalization, cross-cultural study has become an important field in social science research, in which cross-cultural communication and acculturation are the main focuses. In overseas academia, the research on this field has obtained tremendous development with a large number of relevant data and analysis proposed by researchers and scholars from different academic disciplines. However, in China, intercultural communication research started in the early 1980s. The subjects of acculturation research were confined to the cultural adaptation of Chinese abroad.
With the deepening of China’s opening up and the development of Yiwu’s economy, the number of foreign businessmen in Yiwu has risen rapidly, so it is of great importance to address issues of their adaptation. However, few studies have been conducted in this domain. To fill this blank, this paper studies their cultural adaptation by qualitative and quantitative research. This study aims to understand the overall situation of foreign businessmen’s cross-cultural adaptation and its influencing factors. I hope this paper can offer some help and enlightenment for foreign businessmen’s cross-cultural adaptation in Yiwu.
Based on the questionnaire survey, observation and interview on 6 foreign businessmen, this paper analyzes the condition of foreign businessmen’s life and cultural adaptation, and then discusses the problems they have met and the major factors on this result. Research results show that generally foreign businessmen here are in good condition, and its adaptation results can be summed up in two aspects: life condition and cultural adaptation, which are mainly influenced by personality, religious beliefs, social support and so on.

Key words: Foreign Businessmen in Yiwu; Living Situation; Cross-Cultural Adaptation

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