幻灭的美国梦——浅论《了不起的盖茨比》中的二元对立
作为美国小说家弗•司各特•菲茨杰拉德的代表作，《了不起的盖茨比》以其所蕴含的“幻灭的美国梦”这一主题而备受国内外学者的亲睐。而该小说中所存在的种种二元对立项，主要包括了地理位置的对立、角色内部的冲突和主题上的矛盾这三组对立项，以及其中所包含的一系列的对立项共同构建成了该小说的主题——“美国梦及其破碎”。
为了更好地抓住和理解该小说的主旨，该论文是以二元对立这一理论来剖析文本。在国内外有关于结构主义二元对立理论及其在该文本中的运用的文献资料的基础上，该论文就文本中所存在的对立项及其含义进行了分析和研究。此外，该论文还研究和论述了“幻灭的美国梦”这一具有时代性意义的主题。
该论文主要分为四个部分：简介、理论视角、《了不起的盖茨比》中的二元对立和总结。第一部分是对作家和作品的一个较为全面的介绍。这部分包括了作家的生平和文学成就，作品的文学地位、故事情节和时代性的主题，是对下文的一个铺垫。第二部分是对了二元对立理论的一个阐述，包括了二元对立的含义、重要性、形成、发展和在文学文本中的应用，为下文的论述提供了理论指导。第三部分是对小说中所存在的二元对立项的阐述。这部分主要是通过对文本本身的分析来对小说中的对立项所包含的意义进行了一个具体的论述。第四部分是对前三部分所研究内容的一个总结性的概括，表明了主题的现实意义。
关键词：《了不起的盖茨比》；二元对立；美国梦；幻灭；现实意义
The Disillusionment of the American Dream – An Interpretation of the Binary Opposition in The Great Gatsby
Abstract: As the representative work of the American novelist F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby is highly popular with its theme – “the disillusionment of the American dream” by scholars both at home and abroad. And the binary opposition in the novel is the key to build the theme of The Times. There are a lot of binary oppositions in the novel, mainly including the opposition of the spatial position, Gatsby’s inner conflicts and the contradiction of the theme. All these three main groups and a series of other oppositions constitute the theme of the central idea of this novel – “the American dream and its breaking”.
In order to better grasp and understand the theme of this novel, this paper analyzes the text by using the theory of the binary opposition. On the basis of the literature information relevant to the binary opposition and its application in text analysis both at home and abroad, this paper has a research of the binary opposition in the text and its connotation. Besides, this paper discusses and analyzes “the disillusionment of the American dream” – such a timely topic.
This paper is mainly divided into four parts: Introduction, Theoretical Perspective, The Binary Opposition in The Great Gatsby and Conclusion. Part I is a relatively comprehensive introduction about the author and the novel. This part which contains the life and literary achievements of the author, and the literary status, story line and timely topic of the novel is a foreshadowing of the following. Part II is about the theory of the binary opposition, including its meaning, significance, formation, development and application in text analysis. It provides a theoretical guidance for below discussion. Part III is an exposition of the binary opposition in the novel. It expounds on the meaning of the oppositions by analyzing the text itself. Part V is a summary of the previous research and shows the realistic significance of the theme.
Keywords: The Great Gatsby; binary opposition; American dream; disillusionment; realistic significance
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