中美人际关系跨文化对比研究

    人际关系是人们在生产或生活活动过程中所建立的一种社会关系，是人与人在交往中建立的直接的心理上的联系。人际关系与我们的工作和生活密切相关。良好的人际关系，对于一个人的工作、生活和学习是有益的。相反，不和谐、紧张、消极、敌对的人际关系则极大的影响着人们的交往。人是社会动物。由于不同的社会文化背景、价值观念、行为模式等差异，这一点在跨文化人际交往中尤其如此。
    在全球化的进程中，中美两国人民的关系越来越紧密。与此同时，两国人民的交流也越来越频繁。然而，由于中美两国之间文化不同，两国人民在对待家庭、工作、朋友等的观念和态度上不尽相同，在处理彼此人际关系的方式上也不尽相同。人际关系问题对于中美两国人民生活与交往有着十分重要的影响，探究中美人际关系对于指导人们更好的跨文化交流有着直接的意义。
    本文通过对家庭、工作、朋友三个方面对中美人际关系差异进行对比研究，分析导致差异的原因，提出消除差异的一些建议，以期减少“文化休克”现象与沟通障碍，促进交际的流畅与和谐。

关键词: 人际关系   交际   跨文化   差异
A Cross-Cultural Study of Chinese and American Interpersonal Relationships

Abstract

Interpersonal relationship is a kind of social relationship established in the process of production and daily living activities. It is a direct psychological association based on interpersonal interaction, and is closely related with our work and life. This is particularly true in intercultural communication, due to the fact that humans are social animals and that people from different social and cultural backgrounds have different values and behavior patterns.
In the course of globalization, the relationships between Chinese and American become closer and closer, and the communication between citizens of both countries is more and more frequent. However, the Chinese and American cultures are different; so are their ideas of and attitudes towards family, work and friends, and their principles and ways to deal with their interpersonal relationships. Therefore, a comparative study of interpersonal relationship between the two countries is of direct and great significance to the life and communication between Chinese and Americans.
The present thesis explores the reasons that contribute to the differences in cross-culture communication between Chinese and Americans and puts forward some suggestions to bridge the gaps through a comparative study of interpersonal relationships commonly found in family, between friends, and in working place. The purpose of the study is to reduce the “cultural shock” phenomenon and communication barriers, and to promote smooth and harmonious communication between the two people.

Key words: Interpersonal Relationships,   Communication,    Cross-Cultures,  Differences

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