提高中小商业银行竞争力的思考

摘　要
金融是现代经济的核心，是推动经济发展、实现资源配置的持续推动力量。中小商业银行是我国金融体系的重要组成部分，多年来为我国经济的持续增长提供了坚强有力的资金支持。中小商业银行曾经是、现在是、未来很长一段时期内都将是我国经济发展中的重要力量，它们在增加GDP、创造就业、技术创新与成果转化等方面作出了突出的贡献。
我国银行业第一轮改革中涌现出的民生、招商、中信、光大、兴业等一批中小商业银行，突破了区域、功能和业务范围的限制，成为多功能、跨区域的国际性金融机构，取得了有目共睹的辉煌业绩，为中小商业银行的壮大开辟了一条可资借鉴的发展道路，树立了中小商业银行高效率、高效益的新形象。无论是金融发展与经济发展的相关性分析，还是适度规模与金融机构竞争力关联度研究；无论是金融体系稳定，还是金融体系变革调整应对国际竞争的需要，都无一例外地揭示了经济、金融的发展都离不开建立可持续发展的中小商业银行。
银行竞争力是银行综合能力的体现，是在市场经济环境中相对于竞争对手所表现出来的更强的生存能力和可持续发展能力。流动性指标、盈利性指标、安全性指标及金融创新能力、经营管理能力、持续发展能力等是评价商业银行竞争力的重要指标体系。通过对中小商业银行竞争劣势和优势的比较分析，笔者认为，提高中小商业银行竞争力，实现又好又快发展，必须立足现实，着眼未来，扬长避短，错位竞争，建立起符合国际惯例、适合国情实际、能够有效运作的现代企业制度。
随着我国银行业全面对外开放，金融竞争范围越来越广、程度越来越深，面对日趋激烈的金融竞争环境，中小商业银行受先天不足和后天失宠的双重制约，在与管理先进的外资银行和实力雄厚的国有商业银行的竞争中处于较为明显的劣势。如何加快中小商业银行的改革发展进程，增强中小商业银行的战略规划能力、业务创新能力和防范风险能力，从而全面提升中小商业银行的竞争力，是当前金融理论界面临的一个十分重要而紧迫的课题。

关键词：中小商业银行；竞争力；思考
ABSTRACT

Finance is the core of modern economy, and the driving force to promote economic development and the continued allocation of resources. Small and medium-sized commercial banks in China's financial system is an important component, which has provided strong financial support to sustained economic growth in China Over the years. In the past, now, and in the future for a long period of time, small and medium-sized commercial banks are an important force in China's economic development, and they made outstanding contributions in increasing the production of GDP, job creation, technological innovation and the transformation.
In the first round of reform, Minsheng, Zhaoshang, Zhongxin, Guangda, Xingye Banks and a number of other small and medium-sized commercial banks  emerged in China's banking industry. These banks broke through the region, function and business scope restrictions to become multi-functional and cross-regional international financial institutions, and have made brilliant achievements, as all can see, for the growth of small and medium-sized commercial banks, opening up a reference to the development of roads, giving a medium-sized and small commercial banks an efficient and cost-effective new image. Both the financial development and economic analysis of the relevance of development, or an appropriate scale and the competitiveness of financial institutions correlation studies; whether it is financial system stability, or changes in the financial system to adjust to international competition, have all revealed the sustainable development economy and finance is inseparable from the establishment of small and medium-sized commercial banks.
Competitive ability is a reflection of the bank’s comprehensive ability and of stronger viabilitty and sustainale developing ability to competitors in the economic environment. Indicators of liquidity, profitability indicators, safety indicators and financial innovation capability, management capability, the ability of sustainable development is an important indicator system to evaluate the competitiveness of commercial banks. Through a competitive disadvantage and advantages of the comparative analysis of small and medium-sized commercial banks, I believe that improving the competitiveness of small and medium-sized commercial banks to achieve better and faster development, must base on reality, focus on the future, dislocate competition, establish in line with international practice for the nation reality, to the effective functioning of the modern enterprise system.
With the full opening of China's banking industry, and increasingly widespread and deepened financial competition, in facing increasingly fierce competition in the financial environment, small and medium-sized commercial banks, out of favor by the inherent and acquired the dual constraints, and management in the advanced foreign the strength of banks and the state-owned commercial banks, compete in a more obvious disadvantages. How to speed up the reform of small and medium-sized commercial banks in the process of development, enhance strategic planning capacity, business innovation and risk prevention capacity, and thus enhance the competitiveness of small and medium-sized commercial banks, and financial theory is a very important sector is facing and pressing subject.
KEY WORDS: small and medium-sized commercial banks    competitiveness　thinking

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