服务型政府的公共政策模式研究

我国目前正处在社会转型和体制转轨的“双转型”时期，作为社会公共管理主体的政府在我国社会转型时期应该实现职能的适应性转变，由管制型政府向服务型政府转变，由单一的经济建设型政府向公共治理型政府的转变。建设公共服务型政府与建构公平与正义的公共政策模式成为中国行政管理体制改革和政府职能转变的重点，它对于我国社会主义和谐社会建设有重要的指导意义。因此，研究服务型政府的公共政策模式就显得尤为重要。
政府在公共政策的模式构建上应加强和吸引公民的有效参与，增强公民的公共参与意识。地方政府在公共治理和公共服务过程中也要吸引公民的有效参与，使公众既成为公共政策的积极参与者又成为公共政策的忠实执行者。
本文通过理论联系实际的方法，在借鉴国外发达国家的成功经验基础上，着重分析了在当今我国社会“双转型”时期对于服务型政府建设的必要性，强调公民有效参与在公共政策模式选择上所发挥的重要作用，解决了地方政府在公共治理过程中如何吸引公民有效参与以及如何使公众既成为公共政策的积极参与者又成为公共政策的忠实执行者等问题，最终探索建立一种公平与正义的公共政策模式。

关键词：服务型政府；公共政策模式；公民参与；公平；正义

Public Policy Research Model of Service-oriented Government
 
Abstract

China is now in the social transition and transformation of the "double transition" period. As the main social and public management of the government in our country, it should adapt the function of the transition period, changing from a controlling government to a service-oriented government and a single economic construction type to a type of governance. Building a service-oriented government and constructing a fair and just public policy mode became the very point which administrative management system and the government functions reform in China. It is an important guiding significance for us to build a harmonious socialist society. Therefore, the study of a service-oriented government's public policy model appears to be particularly important.
It should strength and attracts the effective participation of citizens in the mode of constructing public policy, and enhances citizen to participate in the public consciousness. Local government in public management and public services process should also attract the effective participation of citizens, so that the public not only become active participants in public policy, but also has
become a faithful follower.
By linking theory with practice and learning from successful overseas experiences in developed countries, we analyze the necessary to build a service-oriented government in contemporary Chinese society --"double transition" period. And also highlight the importance of citizens’ effective participation in public policy choice model. In addition we try to solve the problem that the local government in public governance process how to attract the effective participation of citizens in public and how to make it not only as public policy active participant in public policy and also a loyal executive and other issue. Then we would like to try to explore the establishment of a fair and just public policy model.
 
Key words: service-oriented government; Public policy model; Civic participation; Fair; Justice

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