个人主义与集体主义-中美社会文化差异理解的关键集体主义，指的是一种强调集体和国家的重要性，强调集体利益应该凌驾于个人利益之上的文化价值观念;个人主义与此相反，认为个人虽然离不开社会集体，但是正是由于个人对自我利益和幸福的不断追求才最终推动了社会的前进。本文以中国和美国两个国家为例，前者是集体主义国家的代表，后者是个人主义国家的代表，通过对两个国家价值观念的对比，从而解释当前两国人民思想、行为、语言差异的根本原因。个人主义与集体主义作为两国价值观念的精髓，潜移默化的影响了两国人民的日常行为，也深深的影响了两国人民的交际交流。本文通过对这两种价值形态的研究，其目的在于当两国进行跨文化交际的时候，可以清楚的明确两国的根本差异，并有效的克服文化差异的障碍，最终促进两国的跨文化交际。
关键词：个人主义；集体主义；价值观；文化；差异；跨文化交际
Abstract: Individualism and Collectivism are the products of Chinese and American cultures, and they intensively reflect the differences between Chinese and American values. By defining and analysing Individualism and Collectivism, we can understand the essential differences between Chinese and American values; furthermore, it also explains why Chinese and American are different in speech and act. By understanding that, it not only helps us to learn English better, but also get a more accurate comprehension of the Western culture, thereby it finally helps to achieve the inter-cultural communication.
Keywords: Individualism; Collectivism; difference; value; culture; communication
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