大学生职业决策自我效能感､成就动机与职业决策困难的关系研究

[目的]调查大学生职业决策困难的现状及特点，分析与探讨大学生职业决策自我效能感、成就动机对职业决策困难的影响，为更好地调节大学生的心理压力，促进其心理健康发展提供有效建议。[方法]采用成就动机量表、大学生职业决策自我效能感量表以及大学生职业决策困难量表，随机选择450名大学生参与调查。[结果]1大四学生的职业决策自我效能感总分及各维度得分显著高于其他年级的学生；接受过职业辅导的大学生的职业决策自我效能感总分及各维度得分显著高于未接受过职业辅导的学生。2接受过职业辅导的大学生趋向成功的成就动机及总体成就动机得分显著高于未接受过职业辅导的大学生。3大学生职业决策困难的各维度及总分在年级、专业类型的人口统计学变量上均存在显著性差异，大三的职业决策困难得分最低；理工类的学生的职业决策困难的得分显著高于文史类的学生。4职业决策自我效能感与成就动机呈显著正相关。职业决策自我效能感与职业决策困难呈显著负相关。成就动机与职业决策困难呈显著负相关。5职业决策自我效能感是成就动机与职业决策困难之间的中介因素。[结论]职业决策自我效能感在成就动机与职业决策困难之间起中介作用。
关键词:大学生；职业决策自我效能感；成就动机；职业决策困难

The Relationship among Career Decision-making Self-efficacy, Achievement motivation and Career Decision-making Difficulties of Undergraduates
LIU Hong-Hui
Abstract：[Objective] Survey the current situation and features of undergraduates’ career decision-making difficulties; analyze and explore the effect of undergraduates’ career decision-making self-efficacy and achievement motivation on their career decision-making difficulties. And then we can adjust undergraduates’ mental pressure better and provide effective suggestions for their mentally healthy development. [Methods] Through random sampling, the author distributed questionnaires to 450 undergraduates. The study conducted the questionnaire survey by three scales including the achievement motivation scale ;the undergraduates’ career decision-making self-efficacy scale and the undergraduates’ career decision-making difficulties questionnaire.[Results] Firstly, the aggregated score of career decision-making self-efficacy and scores of various dimensions of the seniors’ are significantly higher than other grades, and the aggregated score of career decision-making self-efficacy and scores of various dimensions of undergraduates who have accepted career counseling are significantly higher than those who have not. Secondly, undergraduates who accepted career counseling score higher than those who have not in achievement motivation with successful tendency and the overall achievement motivation. Thirdly, all dimensions and the aggregate score of undergraduates’ career decision-making difficulties have differences in grade and major, and the juniors get the lowest score. In addition, science students score higher than arts students. Fourthly, career decision-making self-efficacy is positive correlated with achievement motivation, career decision-making self-efficacy is negative correlated with career decision-making difficulties, and achievement motivation is negative correlated with career decision-making difficulties. Lastly, career decision-making self-efficacy serves as an intermediary between achievement motivation and career decision-making difficulties. [Conclusion]Career decision-making self-efficacy serves as an-intermediary between achievement motivation and career decision-making difficulties.
Keywords:undergraduates;career decision-making self-efficacy；achievement motivation; career decision-making difficulties

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