“爱”与“责任”——以弗洛伊德精神分析理论解析《廊桥遗梦》

在美国作家罗伯特·詹姆斯·沃勒创作的中篇小说《廊桥遗梦》中，“爱”与“责任”的冲突贯穿始终。本文分别从弗朗西斯卡与罗伯特·金凯德两位主人公的“爱”与“责任”入手，运用弗洛伊德的精神分析理论进行剖析，挖掘出男女主人公行为表象背后真正的心理原因。弗朗西斯卡和罗伯特·金凯德各自的爱情与责任的博弈，实际上就是弗洛伊德精神分析理论中“本我”与“超我”的博弈。在博弈过程中，通过“自我”的不断调节，彼此做出了对爱情与责任的抉择，责任取代了爱情、“超我”战胜了“本我”。弗朗西斯卡回归了家庭，罗伯特选择了成全并独自离开。这四天的爱情折射出男女主人公人格结构理论中“本我”、“自我”、“超我”三部分之间相互影响、相互斗争，进而指导人们寻求到更好的方式去处理“本我”与“超我”之间的冲突。

关键词：人格结构理论；《廊桥遗梦》；爱；责任

 
“Love”and “duty”
——An analysis of The Bridges of Madison County with Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory

Abstract:In the Bridges of Madison County,a novella by American author Robert James Waller,the conflict of love and duty continues thoughout.Based on Freud's psychoanalytic theory, this paper analyzes the themes of the novel: love and duty.Through analyzing the hero and heroine's psychology,the study reveals the internal reasons of their behaviors.In fact,the conflict of Francesca and Robert's love and duty is the conflict of “the id ”and “the superego”.Finally,under the influence of “the ego”,the hero and heroine make the choice of love and duty, which means “the superego” defeats “the id ”, that is Francesca returns to the family ,and Robert chooses to fulfill and leaves alone.The love of four days reflects the hero and heroine's“the id ”,“the ego”and“the superego” in the theory of personality structure Influencing and struggling mutually.And bring the readers to seek a better way to deal with the conflict of “the id ”and “the superego”.

Key words:theory of personality structure ;The Bridges of Madison  County ; love ; duty

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