在粤港人语言态度与社会认同研究

Ever since the reunification in 1997 as well as the promotion of self-guided tour in 2003, relations between Hongkong and Mainland China, especially Guangdong, has been much closer than ever before. However, some negative repercussions have appeared such as language discrimination during the frequent contact. In a multilingual speech community, Hongkong residents in Guangdong are more likely to confront the confusion of language use and social identity, which makes this group of people of significant research value. Nevertheless, the latest research in this line is still inadequate. Therefore, this thesis explores the language attitude, social identification and the correlation between them, which are of both theoretical and practical significance.
Based on language attitude and social identity theory, this thesis mainly adopts questionnaire survey and interview as research instruments. In total, 190 valid questionnaires are collected and 10 subjects are interviewed. The research results can be drawn as follows: ⑴The current language use of Hongkong residents in Guangdong is that Cantonese remains its significant status in Hongkong people’s internal communication, and the number of people who are proficient in Mandarin is increasing. ⑵Attitudes towards three subject languages of Hongkong people are that attitude to English ranks the first, followed by Cantonese and then Mandarin. ⑶Hongkong people tend to recognize their Hongkong identity more than their Chinese identity.  ⑷Language attitude and social identification have impacts on each other. More specifically, on one hand, the more the subjects recognize their Chinese identity, the less they think of English. On the other hand, comparing with those who admit their Hongkong identity, the more positive the subjects see Mandarin, or the less they view English, the more they recognize their Chinese identity.
   In the end, contribution of this research on the enrichment of current theory achievements are put forward and some recommendations are proposed to improve the relationship between two regions which demonstrates both theoretical and practical significance of the study.
  
Key words: Hongkong residents in Guangdong; language attitude; social identification
中文摘要

1997年香港回归以及2003年开放自由行后，香港与内地的经贸关系愈发紧密，而由于独特的地理区位和人文历史因素，广东地区与港人的语言接触尤其频繁,在两地深度接触和融合的过程中，也出现了一些语言歧视、文化隔阂等消极因素。在多语社团语言接触中，在粤港人往往面临着更多语言使用以及身份认同的选择与困惑，因此这一群体有重要的研究价值。而目前，关于粤港语言与身份认同关系的最新研究尚少，因此，本文在香港回归即将二十年之际，研究在粤港人的语言态度，社会认同以及两者之间的关系，具有理论和现实意义。
本研究以语言态度和社会认同理论为理论基础,通过问卷及访谈的形式调查近两年内曾到过广东省的香港人的语言态度，社会认同以及两者之间的关系。问卷调查最后共回收190份有效问卷，共对10个在粤港人进行了访谈。运用统计软件SPSS分析所得数据，最终可得出以下结论：⑴在粤港人的语言使用现状如下:粤语保持其在内部交际语中的关键地位，并且受访者对普通话的熟练掌握程度提高。⑵在三种主要语言中,在粤港人对英语积极性最高, 粤语次之,普通话最低,且三者差异显著。⑶在粤港人倾向于认同自身港人身份。在国外旅行时，受访者趋向于向当地人表明自身香港人的身份; 在内心认同方面，认同自身是“香港人”或是“中国的香港人”的受访者比例明显高于认同自己是“中国人”，或“香港的中国人”。⑷香港人的语言态度和自身的身份认同相互影响。具体影响表现为，越不认同自身中国人身份的人，对英语的态度越积极，并且相比认同香港人身份的人而言，对英语的态度越不积极，或对普通话的态度越积极的受访者，越倾向于认同自己的中国人身份。
本研究有助于丰富现有社会心理语言学理论，并且本文从语言态度和社会认同的角度出发，给语言政策制定者以及两地的市民提供一些建议，以改善两地之间的关系，促进两地的交流与合作，体现了本研究的理论价值和实践意义。

关键词：在粤港人; 语言态度; 社会认同

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