从不可见到可见——论《看不见的人》中主人公的身份转变

拉尔夫•埃里森是二十世纪五十年代以来最重要的美国小说家之一。其代表作《看不见的人》被奉为20世纪美国文学的经典之作。小说描述了主人公的大学生活、在自由油漆工厂的遭遇和在兄弟会的经历，体现了主人公身份从“不可见”到“可见”的转变。本文试图通过探索主人公身份的转变来研究种族文化意识淡薄的原因。
本论文分为引言，主体和结论三部分。引言简要介绍作者生平和小说情节及国内外对于《看不见的人》的研究状况。论文主体由三个章节组成。第一章从种族歧视、文化冲突和讨好白人的人的意识形态三个方面分析主人公身份不可见的原因。第二章通过自我、社会和文化身份的显现，来说明主人公身份的可见的具体表现。第三章通过自我意识和社会意识的觉醒来分析主人公身份如何变为可见。第三部分：结语。本论文试图通过对主人公身份追寻过程的分析，为现代人追寻身份提出建设性的意见。

关键词：拉尔夫·埃里森；《看不见的人》；身份

Abstract

Ralph Ellison is one of the most important American novelists since the 1950 s. His masterpiece Invisible Man is widely regarded as a classic of American literature in the 20th century. The novel describes the hero’s college life, his surreal experience in liberty paints and experience in the brotherhood, which presents the transformation of the hero’s identity from invisibility to visibility. The thesis aims to analyze the reasons for the transformation of the hero’s identity, in order to explore how the black lose their ethnic awareness.
The thesis is divided into Introduction, Main body and Conclusion.
Introduction reviews Ralph Ellison’s, the plot of Invisible Man and the research situation of Invisible Man. Main body consists of three chapters: Chapter One analyzes the reasons for the hero’s invisible identity by racial discrimination, cultural conflict and the people with ideologies of flatter the white. Chapter Two illustrates the specific embodiment of the hero’s visible identity through self, social and cultural identity. Chapter Three discusses the reasons for the hero’s visible identity through the awakening of self and social awareness. Conclusion sums up the thesis and gives some suggestions to the modern human being who is to seek his identity.

 Key words: Ralph Ellison； Invisible Man； Identity

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