智能小车

摘  要
随着科学技术的进步，各种智能化和自动化技术逐渐应用到人类社会生活各领域，这当中具有一定人工智能特性的智能小车就是一个典型的代表。它可以按照预先设定的模式在一个特定的环境里无需人为干预就能自动行驶。本设计就是以2011年全国大学生电子设计竞赛C题为背景，重点介绍了智能小车的设计、制作和调试过程，该设计在本届赛事中荣获全国一等奖。
设计中的智能小车主要由飞思卡尔公司的16位微控制器MC9S12XS128MAL、电源稳压、电机驱动、红外检测和无线数据传输等模块组成。行驶过程中，小车通过红外对管对路径信息进行识别，其输出经整形后送至微控制器进行处理，并按照预先设定的行驶策略控制小车在规定的赛道内自动行驶。为实现比赛规定的两车相互超车和交替领跑的功能，在小车上特别安装了无线通讯模块，用于两车的实时通讯交流。该设计结构合理、简单可靠、思路独特，对自动运输机器人、采矿勘探机器人、家用自动清洁机器人以及智能电子玩具等具有较高的参考和实用价值。
关键词：微控制器；光电传感器；智能小车
Intelligent Car
Abstract
With the progress of science and technology, Intelligence and automation technology is increasingly applied to various fields of human social life, Is a typical representative of this among some artificial intelligence features smart car. It can follow a pre-set pattern in a specific environment without human intervention can automatically driving. The background design is entitled to the 2011 National Undergraduate Electronic Design Contest C, Focuses on the intelligent car design, fabrication and commissioning process, The design won the first prize in the tournament.
The design of the smart car MC9S12XS128MAL of Freescale's 16-bit microcontrollers, power regulators, motor drives, infrared detection, and wireless data transmission module. The process of moving, Car tube to identify the path information via infrared, Its output sent to the plastic of the micro-controller for processing, To control the car and driving strategy in accordance with the pre-set automatically within the specified track driving. Competition provisions of the two vehicles overtaking each other and the turn of the function of lead, Wireless communication module installed in a small car, especially, Real-time communication exchange for two cars. The design, reasonable structure, simple and reliable, unique ideas, a high reference and practical value of automated transport robot, mining exploration robots, household automatic cleaning robots and intelligent electronic toys.
Keywords: MCU，Photoelectric Sensor，Intelligent Car

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