中国现代文学中病态人物形象透视

摘要

本文所研究的课题中国现代文学中有很多病态人物的刻画，形成了现代文学的一道风景。其意义在于通过对人物的解析，得以窥视到现代中国社会的某些典型病态特征。病态人物可看作是是整个社会，甚至整个时代的人的缩影。对病态人物的分析，不仅是对病态社会的透视，同时也是对人性的剖析，是一种对世界的理性把握。本文所选取的是非一流作家的作品，从人物的心理与行为的角度着手，暴露出人物对生命的冷漠无情、一心为己的狭隘自私的心理、卑躬屈膝的奴性丑态以及对自我感情的放纵与颓靡的特点。继而从人物的身上透视作家的思想，从文本的分析与理解中体现出作家对社会黑暗以及人心丑恶的嘲讽与抨击。在复杂多变的社会大背景中，病态人物小说形象的出现，不仅仅反映了整个社会的精神面貌，同时更重要的意义在于生命意识的觉醒及“人性”的追寻与回归。生命意识的复苏，是对麻木不仁的人心的有力抗争，是对生命的尊重的一种美好期盼。而小说中病态人物的各种荒唐的表现与颓废的心理，正是表达了对自身精神上的另一种更高的追求，一旦这种追求没有被实现，便会产生颓靡的情绪，这种病态的表现，从另一个角度来看，恰恰反映了小说家与社会对人性的追寻与回归，“人”的“真”就这样被酣畅淋漓地表现出来。生命意识的觉醒与人性的回归，正是研究病态人物及其行为背后的社会价值所在。

关键词：现代文学；病态人物；作家思想；透视
Chinese modern literature in pathological characters perspective
Abstract

  This topic was the Chinese modern literature in the typical pathological characters, its significance lies in the character through the analysis, thus to get a modern Chinese society to some of the typical pathological characteristics. Pathological characters can be considered a society as a whole, and even whole era of the characters in miniature. The analysis of the characters of sick, it is not only short of social perspective, as well as of human nature analysis, it is a kind of the rational world rational grasp. In this paper the authors' works are first-class, from the character's psychological and behavioral perspective, exposed to life characters of indifference, for himself with the selfish psychological, humble lovers and self subservient to the feelings of the abandonment and upset characteristic. And then from the perspective of the characters on a writer thought, from the analysis of the text of the understanding and embody the darkness of society and the heart of writer ugly taunt and attacked. In a complicated social background, pathological characters of novel image appeared, not only reflect the spirit of the whole society, and more important significance lies in the awakening of the life consciousness and "humanity" quest and regression. The recovery of the life consciousness, is insensitive to the heart of the powerful and fight for the respect of the life is a kind of good hope. In the novel of the characters and sick of the performance of the absurd decadent and psychological, it is expressed their own spiritual another higher pursuit, once the pursuit is not achieved, will produce upset emotions, the pathological performance from another perspective, just report the novelist and society of human nature, seek and regression, "person" of "real" was thoroughly deserved to show it. Life consciousness awakening and the return of the human nature, it is the pathological characters and behavior of social values behind.

Keywords: The modern literature; Pathological characters; Writer thought; perspective

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