美元霸权对美国贸易逆差的影响探析

内容摘要：美元霸权的形成使贸易逆差成为输出美元的主要途径，并对贸易逆差起到了一定的助长作用，集中表现在美元霸权权使美国维持着巨额贸易逆差而不受外汇储备短缺的制约和危机的威胁，却使得其他追求美元储备的国家依靠贸易顺差和过度储蓄来摆脱不利处境，从而从供给和需求两个方面推动了美国贸易逆差的持续扩大。但贸易逆差的继续和未来的调整势必会影响美元霸权地位的巩固，使世界特别是发展中国家的国际经济活动面临极大的风险。然而，美国是当今世界唯一的超级经济大国，其世界经济霸权地位仍然无人可以撼动，以美元霸权地位为特征的国际货币体系从动摇到崩溃有一个相当的时间过程。因此，对发展中国家来说，关注美国贸易逆差，防范美元贬值是应当值得关注的问题。
关键词：美元霸权，贸易逆差，外汇储备，国际收支平衡
The Influence of Dollar Hegemony on the American Trade Deficit
Abstract：Dollar hegemony makes trade deficit has become the main way of output dollars, and the trade deficit have played a contributing role, manifested in the American dollar privilege to maintain the huge trade deficit and not subject to foreign exchange reserve shortage restrict and threats, but other pursuit of dollar reserves countries depend on trade surplus and excessive savings free from adverse situation, thereby from supply and demand two respects promote a widening trade deficit the United States of America.But the trade deficit to continue and future adjustment is the foundation of dollar privilege, make the world especially the development of home of the international economic activity at great risk.However, The United States is the world's only economic superpower and the world economic hegemony of the United States still can not shake.U.S. dollar hegemony is characterized by the international monetary system from shaken to the collapse of a considerable time process. Therefore, for developing countries, the United States of America trade deficit in attention, prevent the depreciation of the dollar should concern.

Key words：Dollar hegemony ，Trade deficit ，Foreign exchange reserve ，
Balance of international payments

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