小学估算教学的调查与研究

摘    要

摘要：新课标下，“估算”在小学数学教学中的占有比例上升，且更重视培养学生的估算意识和能力。本文调查得到以下结论：学生具备一定的估算能力，但存在差异性；学生对估算方法了解不全面；学生运用估算解决问题的能力有待提高；教师对估算的作用缺乏全面的认识，对估算教学目标认识不足，对估算结果缺乏评判标准；估算课上，教师对估算认识不全面表现为所教估算方法以“四舍五入法”为主，并缺乏对学生估算意识和估算需求的培养。针对估算教学中存在的这些问题，文章提出了若干建议。

Abstract：Under the New Criteria, computational estimation’s proportion in primary mathematics teaching is increasing, and more emphasis on students’  estimated awareness and ability. This article obtains some conclusions as follows: Students have certain ability of computational estimation, but the ability has some difference, especially for the four grade students; Students do not know all the methods of computational estimation; the students’ ability of using computational estimation to solve problems waits to be improved; Teachers can not understand the function of the computational estimation comprehensively, can not understand the goal of the teaching of computational estimation sufficiently, and lack the judgment standard to the estimate result. In the estimated class, teachers do not know the overall meaning of the computational estimation, so the estimation methods are taught by the "rounded" as the mainstay, and lack of estimated awareness and needs of the students during the estimate training. In view of the problems which exist in the teaching of computational estimation，we put forward some proposals.

关键词：小学教学；估算；教学

Keywords：The teaching in elementary schools；Computational estimation；Teaching

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