我国上市公司资本结构现状与优化研究—以四大原国有商业银行为研究背景

随着我国经济的发展，市场竞争越来越激烈。现阶段摆在企业面前的大难题，就是企业的资本结构现状将成为阻碍企业发展的重要因素。在我国，上市公司的资本结构与发达国家和一些发展中国家相比具有负债比例低、所有者权益比例较高、融资过程更依赖股权融资的特点，而且受股权结构、公司所在行业和地区的影响。而我国的大部分企业最容易忽视资本结构对企业的影响。本文通过以我国原国有商业银行为研究背景，回顾资本结构相关文献，概述资本结构的概念，资本结构对企业的影响，而银行的资本结构的更是存在着它的代表性与特殊性，对中国金融体系乃至整个经济体系都有着重要的影响，通过对我国四大原国有商业银行资本结构的分析，总结问题，提出若干完善与优化银行资本结构的方式。

关键字：资本；资本结构；上市公司；商业银行
Comments on the list companises'captical structure and its Optimization
--Theory on Four of the original state-owned commercial banks
Abstract
With the developement of our country's economy, the Listed company is coming to strong & better but it also along with severe competition. One of the most difficult problem is the company’s development was block by capital structure. Different wih developed Country &developing country, the capital structure of our listed Company’s has many advantage, such as liability ratio is lower, owner’s equities ratio is higher, financing process is rely on equity financing, moreover, it direct impact on equity structure, a line of business and location. Most of company are too apt to overlook the true mean of capital structure. This text is analysis through our state-owned commercial bank’s background, review capital structure document to explain the concept of capital structure and its influence in the company. However, the bank capital structure is representative and particularity which is importance to China economy system & the whole economy system. This paper also gave different suggestion how to improved and optimize the bank capital structure under the situation of the four state-owned commercial bank in our country.

Key word: Capital；Capital structure；Listed company；Commercial bank

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