从“死亡”委婉语看文化的渗透

委婉语，是指当人们不愿意说出禁忌的名物或动作，而又不得不指明这种名物或动作时，就用动听的词语代替，用隐喻来暗示，用曲折的表达来提示。作为一种特殊的语言现象，委婉语有其形成的特定历史背景和文化因素。本文将以委婉语中与人们生活相对密切的“死亡”委婉语为切入点，从宗教、等级差异、价值观和民间风俗等四方面来探讨由此所折射出的西方国家的文化渗透。
委婉语是语言使用中人们协调人际关系的一个重要手段。从“死亡”委婉语中了解文化的渗透，可以更好地理解西方文化的内涵，从而促进中西方文化的交流。

关键词: 委婉语；死亡；文化渗透；交际

Abstract
The English word “euphemism” means an indirect word or phrase that people often use to refer to something embarrassing or unpleasant, sometimes to make it seem more acceptable than it really is. As a special language phenomenon, euphemism has its specific historical background and infiltration from certain cultural factors. This paper will specifically talk about euphemism for death in English which is relatively close to our daily life and discuss the western cultural infiltration on it from the aspects of religion, class differences, values and folk customs.
Euphemism is an important tool to coordinate human relationships in the use of language. Knowing about cultural infiltration on euphemism for death can help us better understand the western culture, thus promoting cultural exchange and improving communication effectiveness between Chinese and western people.

Keywords:  euphemism  death  cultural infiltration  communication
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