北京市软件工程技术人才流失问题研究
摘 要
软件工程技术人才是高素质的人力资源，在经济全球化的进程中，谁拥有高素质的人力资源，谁就能充分发挥人力资源的作用，谁就能把握经济发展的主动权，从而在全球竞争中占据优势。特别是加入世贸组织之后，国际人才竞争国内化，越来越多的企业在软件工程技术人才管理方面受到严重挑战，特别是一些知识技术密集型企业，如北京市以IT产业，软件开发公司等为代表的高科技企业，普遍存在员工流失频繁，应对对策匮乏，管理成本上升现象。因此对北京软件工程技术人才流失及其对策研究就具有十分重要的意义。本文以北京软件工程技术人才流失问题为研究对象，在对软件人才流失界定基础上，通过设计和发放调查问卷形式进一步深入了解和分析北京企业软件人才流失的现状与问题。共发放调查问卷400份，收回有效问卷354份。通过对调查问卷统计，结合面谈访问，分析了北京不同所有制企业软件技术人才流失现状，以及企业人才需求特征和工作满意度的现状。通过分析，得出北京软件工程技术人才流失的原因，即社会原因：经济社会发展水平方面的差异和经济全球化；员工个体原因：软件工程技术人才拥有较高的报酬期望、成就期望和个人发展期望；企业原因：企业的规模和企业人力资源管理体制。针对存在的问题，本文提出了解决北京软件工程技术人才流失的对策，即企业要控制人才的流失可以从四个方面下手：做好软件工程技术人才招聘工作；实行科学的富有吸引力的薪酬激励；设计科学的职业生涯规划；完善企业管理制度。
【关键词】 软件工程技术人才；人才流失；原因；对策
Abstract
Software engineering and technical personnel are high quality human resource. In the process of economy globalization，those who owns the high quality，can develop the human resource enough and win the advantage in world compete. After joining WTO，more and more business enterprises suffer the serious challenge on managing of Software engineering and technical personnel especially in he high-knowledge companies such as IT enterprise，Software development company，exist commonly the phenomenon including shortage of tactics means，frequent Employment brain drain and increased cost in the management. So studying on the tactics of Beijing Software engineering and technical personnel is significant. Taking Software engineering and technical personnel as the studying object，on the basic of analyzing what is Software engineering and technical personnel's brain-drain problem，this paper takes it from the angle of survey on the present conditions of Software engineering and technical personnel's brain drain，adopting the method of combination of survey through questioning. A total of 400 questionnaires were issued and 354 copies were valid. Through a combination of a questionnaire survey and visit，this paper analyzes the present conditions of Software engineering and technical personnel's brain drain in Beijing according to various enterprises which have different ownership as Software engineering and technical personnel's different requirements and satisfaction with their jobs. Through the analysis，find the reasons for brain drain of the Beijing software engineering and technical personnel ，namely the social reason： the development level of economy and society and the differences of the economic globalization；Individual employees reason：software engineering and technical personnel have higher pay expectations，achievement expectations and personal development expectations；Enterprise reason：the size of the enterprise and enterprise human resources management system. Aimed at the problems，this paper puts forward some solutions to the Beijing software engineering and technical personnel of brain drain of countermeasures，in which the enterprise to control brain drain of talent from four aspects：to lay their hands on the software engineering technology talent recruitment；Construct a scientific attractive salary package system；Design scientific career planning；Perfect enterprise management system.
The key words：Software engineering and technical personnel；brain drain；the reason；countermeasures
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