浅析《威尼斯商人》中的悲情人物夏洛克An Analysis of Shylock’s Tragedy inThe Merchant of Venice
莎士比亚的《威尼斯商人》一直被称为一部喜剧，长期以来，人们给予夏洛克的评价都是贪得无厌、冷酷无情、能言善辩、爱财如命等反面词汇。他是人们谴责和批判的对象，得到的是很多不公平的评价，而造成这种不公平评价是有其深刻的历史缘故的。本文将以一个新的视角来对夏洛克的悲剧性进行分析比，表面上夏洛克是一个十足的恶棍，但如果我们综合历史背景、生活环境和社会因素来看，这种观点就显得过于片面了。我们有必要更加深入地了解这一悲剧人物产生的时代背景，挖掘当时社会存在的民族矛盾和宗教冲突，使人们能更加公正客观地来看待这一犹太民族的代表人物。从客观和公平的角度上分析，夏洛克其实是这部作品中最具悲剧色彩的人物。
关键词：悲剧性；历史背景；生活环境；社会因素
Abstract
Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice has always been regarded as a comedy. For quite some time, people’s comments towards Shylock is that he is greedy, cruel, eloquent and miserly. He has always been the character for public to blame and criticize. Shylock has suffered from a lot of unjust and prejudiced comments, and these comments upon him were due to the strong influence of the historical and religious background. However, this paper aims to conduct an analysis from a new perspective on the tragedy of Shylock. On the surface, Shylock seems to be a complete villain. But if we take the factors such as the background of history, environment and sociology into consideration, this standpoint is indeed partial. It is highly necessary to get to know the historical background, the racial conflicts and the religious clash at that time to give Shylock a more justified and objective perspective. Therefore, from another point of view, Shylock is in fact the most tragic hero in the play.
Key Words: Tragic hero; History; Environment; Sociology
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