试论WTO体制下的贸易保护主义

当前国际贸易保护主义大多打着“合法”的旗号。这种隐形的贸易保护主义的特点是既带有限制、扭曲贸易的性质，又游走于WTO规则之中。以促进贸易自由化为根本宗旨的WTO多边贸易法律制度正遭受巨大挑战。从国际贸易发展史来看,自由贸易和保护贸易经常是交替进行。不同历史时期的贸易保护主义都有特定的时代背景。二战后发源于美国的新贸易保护主义,是在以GATT/WTO为主导的国际多边自由贸易体制不断发展、经济全球化进程不断加快的背景下西方发达国家维持经济均势的产物,是在贸易自由化不断加快的进程中不断改变着自身形式的贸易保护主义。本文着重阐述贸易保护主义的发展，发掘新贸易保护主义的特点,追踪其理论依据,分析了几种典型的新贸易保护主义的形式,最后总结了我国应对贸易保护主义应对的措施。
关键词： WTO规则；新贸易保护主义；贸易壁垒

The trade protectionism under the WTO system
Abstract：  Most of the current international trade protectionism, the name of "legal" on the cover. The invisible trade protectionism is characterized not only with restrictions on the nature of trade-distorting, and walk into the WTO rules. To promote trade liberalization, the WTO as the fundamental purpose of the multilateral trading system is subjected to enormous legal challenges. History from the perspective of international trade, free trade and protection of trade is often alternately. Different historical periods of protectionism has a specific background. Originated in the United States after World War II a new trade protectionism in the GATT / WTO-led multilateral free trade system, the development process of economic globalization is accelerating in the context of Western developed countries to maintain economic balance of the product of free trade accelerating the process of constantly changing its form of trade protectionism. This article focuses on the development of trade protectionism, new trade protectionism to explore the characteristics, follow the rationale, analysis of several typical form of new trade protectionism, and finally summed up the response to our response to protectionist measures
Key words:. WTO rules；New Trade Protectionism； Trade barriers

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