基于单片机的智能厨房油烟控制系统设计 现代厨房一般都离不开煤气灶和智能油烟机，本设计即针对厨房产生的烟雾设计相应的智能油烟机。 该智能油烟机控制系统不仅具备油烟机基本开关功能，而且还能根据污染大的烟气采用热敏电阻检测，而温度低但危险大的燃气采用气敏传感器检测。当厨房中的有害气体达到一定浓度的值时，经传感器进入单片机分析，使电机电路自动启动，智能油烟机迅速将有害气体抽走。同时设有手动开关，在手动运行下，其功能和普通油烟机一样，可以人为的要求开启或关闭。硬件部分主要设计了油烟机的烟气、燃气检测模块，按键输入模块，执行电路模块等。系统软件部分主要是对各模块的流程做了详细的的分析，并且编写了相应的程序来实现相应的功能。 本次设计的智能油烟机主要靠单片机进行控制，通过软件设计来自动控制抽油烟机的开关，所以相对于普通的智能油烟机来说，灵活性比较好，功耗低，体积小，便于操作，同时可以做到自动检测。 关键词：单片机；智能油烟机；传感器；检测；自动控制 Abstract Modern kitchens are generally inseparable from the gas range and intelligent range hood. This design is to design the corresponding intelligent range hood for the smoke generated in the kitchen. The intelligent range hood control system not only has the basic switch function of range hood, but also can use thermistor to detect the polluted flue gas, and gas sensor to detect the low temperature but dangerous gas. When the harmful gas in the kitchen reaches a certain concentration value, the sensor enters the single chip microcomputer for analysis, so that the motor circuit starts automatically, and the intelligent range hood can quickly extract the harmful gas. At the same time, there is a manual switch. Under manual operation, its function is the same as that of ordinary range hood, which can be opened or closed manually. In the hardware part, the smoke and gas detection module, key input module and executive circuit module are designed. The software part of the system mainly makes a detailed analysis of the process of each module, and writes the corresponding program to achieve the corresponding functions. This design of intelligent range hood mainly relies on single chip microcomputer control, through software design to automatically control the switch of range hood, so compared with ordinary intelligent range hood, it has better flexibility, low power consumption, small size, easy to operate, and can achieve automatic detection. Keywords:singlechipmicrocomputer;Intelligentrangehood;Sensors;testing 目 录 1绪论 1 1.1研究背景及意义 1 1.1.1研究背景 1 1.1.2研究意义 1 1.2国内外发展现状 2 1.3研究目的 3 1.4结构安排 3 2系统总体设计方案 4 2.1设计内容及基本要求 4 2.1.1设计内容 4 2.1.2设计基本要求 4 2.2系统设计原则 4 3系统硬件电路设计 6 3.1硬件选型 6 3.1.1单片机选型 6 3.1.2气敏元件选型 10 3.1.3热敏电阻选型 12 3.1.4液晶显示选型 12 3.1.5电源芯片选型 13 3.2硬件设计 13 3.2.1单片机最小系统电路 13 3.2.2煤气监测电路 14 3.2.3按键电路设计 15 3.2.4风扇模块和照明模块设计 16 3.2.5显示电路 16 3.2.6 报警电路 17 3.2.7 电源电路 18 3.2.8 ADC转换模块 19 3.2.9智能油烟机硬件总电路 20 4系统软件程序设计 21 4.1 主程序 21 4.2 键盘扫描子程序 22 4.3 LED显示子程序 23 4.4报警子程序设计及流程图 24 5 调试结果与分析 26 5.1软件调试 26 5.2硬件调试 27 5.2.1调试 27 5.2.2演示 28 6 结论与展望 32 6.1 结论 32 6.2 展望 32 附 录 33 参考文献 49
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