西方文化对中国婚姻习俗的演变（晚清王朝 - 21世纪）Effects of Western Culture on the Evolvement of Chinese Marriage Custom (Late-Qing Dynasty——21st Century)
中文摘要
清末期间，我国的文化环境与经济环境一样，封闭自守。由此，婚俗，作为我国文化传统上的重要组成部分，也存在着许多落后封建的缺点，禁锢着人们的思想进步和社会改革。而自鸦片战争后，中国大门被迫对外开放，西方文明潮流开始迫近，影响并改变着我国传统文化。本文旨在探讨清末后至今的一个世纪里，西方文明对中国婚俗演变的影响。这一个世纪里，在西方文明的冲击及影响下，我国婚俗演变经历了三大阶段：传统婚姻，文明婚姻及现代婚姻。通过文献法, 总结及分析，我们将发现传统婚俗存在很多残害人们健康、阻碍文明进步的缺点，如：冗长繁琐的形式礼节，扭曲的缠足审美，迷信守旧的观念，男尊女卑价值观等。是西方文明的渐进，促使了婚俗的进步及演变。西方文明中的白色婚礼，简单礼节及恋爱自由带来了文明婚姻的出现及普及，随着更多的西文元素如法律婚姻、平等观念以及婚姻观念等的不断引进，我国现代婚姻得以形成。
【关键词】落后的传统；西方文化；婚俗演变；三大阶段；改变与融合；
Abstract
In the late-Qing dynasty, our cultural environment, just like our economic environment, was in a closed and unenlightened situation. Therefore, our marriage custom, as one of the major cultural events in life, carried many disadvantages of extreme backwardness, resulting in long constraint to people’s new ideas for progress and social improvement. After the Opium War, however, the closed cultural environment was forced to open; the western culture came in, affected and changed our tradition culture. This essay aims to find out the profound effects of western culture on the evolvement of Chinese marriage custom during this recent century since the late-Qing dynasty. In this century, our marriage custom had undergone three stages: the traditional marriage, the Civilized Marriage, and modern marriage. By using literature-review methodologies，conclusion and analyses, we will find that our traditional marriage custom carried many disadvantages such as the long and fussy etiquettes, absurd feet binding, superstitious views and practice, killing the normal development of people and social progress. It was the coming in of western culture that drives the evolvement and progress of our marriage custom. The romantic wedding, simpler etiquettes and freedom of marriage in the western culture bring us a new style of civilized marriage, gradually the conception of egalitarian and humanitarianism helps the building of modern marriage.
【Key words】backward tradition; western culture; evolvement of marriage custom; three stages ; changes and mixture
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