精神与现实,奋斗与命运 ——《老人与海》的悲剧审美解读

摘  要：  《老人与海》关注的是人类的生存、命运与环境冲突的命题，桑提亚哥是一个象征性形象，他身上显示出诸多悲剧性特征。这些特征，涵盖的是作家对所关注的命题的忧患和沉悟。通过老人在海上的艰难历程，向我们展示了人生存的种种困惑。从悲剧美感的角度审视《老人与海》我们可以发现，这部作品揭示出美的实质来自于对立面的斗争，让我们在嗟叹老人宿命的同时，又感到强烈的生命力与崇高感。同时也向我们昭示了面对生存的困惑，我们应该运用悲剧精神重新启动整个世界，从而找到人生的价值所在。
关键词：  悲剧性特征；悲剧美；崇高美；审美意境

Spirit and reality, Struggle and destiny
——the tragic aesthetics of The Old Man and the Sea
Abstract:  The Old Man and the Sea pays attention to the proposition of humanity's survival, the destiny and the environment conflict. Santiago is a symbolic image that he showed many tragic features, which cover the writer of concerning to the topic of suffering and understanding. Through the difficult course of the old person in the marine, he demonstrates to us that all sorts of person's survives make us puzzled. Through the tragedy of the aesthetic points of The Old Man and the Sea, we can see that this work reveals the reality of aesthetics from the opposite side of the struggle. The writer lets us not only lament the old man's fate, but also feel the strong vitality and the lofty feeling. It also shows us that facing the puzzlement of survival, we should restart the entire world with the tragedy spirit, and thus, we can find the value of our life.
Keywords:  The character of tragedy; the tragic beauty; the sublime beauty; the artistic conception of appreciating the beauty 

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