水利水电工程水环境影响评价方法及保护对策研究

水利水电工程水环境影响评价方法及保护对策研究
摘  要
水利水电工程的建设势必会对当地水环境造成影响，因此需对在建水电工程进行环境影响评价，并提出相应的环境保护对策及方法，努力做到水电工程建设水环境变化所产生的效益最大化。论文在对水利水电建设项目及区域水环境及生态环境调查与评价的基础上，分析了实例项目施工期、运营期的主要环境污染因素及水体污染物排放情况，并对项目产生的污染影响进行预测分析，主要包括水生生物和水环境分析，提出了合理的环境保护措施方案，并对项目造成的生态环境影响进行评价与分析，综合各项研究评价结果，编制了水土保持方案，并以相关法规标准为基础，得出环境影响评价结论与建议。实例项目的建设符合总体规划，符合环境功能区划要求，工程所在区域水质良好，地质条件优越，满足工程本身要求，工程开发无重大的环境制约因素。工程对整个生态环境影响较小，采取必要的减免措施后，可使不利影响降低到最小程度。因此只要认真落实所提出的建议，从环境角度来看，项目可行。

关键词：水利水电工程，环境影响评价，水环境，环境保护措施

Environmental Impact Assessment Methods and Protection Countermeasures on Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering
 
Abstract
The construction of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Project will inevitably affect the local water environment, therefore, it is necessary to carry out environmental impact assessment on hydropower projects, and propose the corresponding environmental protection measures and methods to maximize the benefits from hydropower projects construction. On the basis of survey and evaluation on hydropower engineering projects, regional water and ecological environment, main factors of environmental pollution and water pollutant emissions situation during the examples of project construction and operation were analyzed. In addition, the pollution influences from the project to environment were predicted, it includes aquatic organisms and water environmental analysis, and reasonable environmental protection measures was proposed. Moreover we also analysis the ecological and environmental impact of the project. Comprehensive evaluation results of the study, The soil and water conservation programs is Formulated, on the basis of the relevant regulations and standards, conclusions and recommendations of environmental impact assessment were got. Example of construction of the project correspond with the overall planning, meet the environmental function zoning requirements, Works where the regional water quality is good, geological conditions is advantage, it meet the project itself demands. Project development did not had major environmental constraints. Project on the ecological environment has little effect. Take the necessary relief measures, it can minimize adverse effects. So long as we conscientiously implement the recommendations, project is feasible in the view of environmental.
Keywords: water conservancy and hydropower engineering, environmental assessment,
water environment, environmental protection measures

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