模糊语在英语中的运用

模糊语在英语中的运用
The Use of Ambiguity in English
【Abstract】The meaning of a word or sign is described as ambiguous if it is open to more than one interpretation or explanation. According to the manner maxims of Oxford philosopher Herbert Paul Grice's Cooperative Principle, ambiguity should be avoided in communication. This maxim is expressed in an imperative way that it is regarded as a rule for people's communication. Using ambiguity in English violates the maxims of Cooperative Principle. This paper is intended to find out the use of ambiguity and the effect of using it. It shows that ambiguity is a popular way in rhetoric to denote the motivations or thoughts of the characters, the reliability of narrators, and the intentions of implied authors. In daily communication, ambiguity is a polite and humorous way for people to avoid taboo. Though ambiguity violates the principles of communication, it enriches the language and colorizes communication. After the research, it has been found that ambiguity is a rich source in language development. In newspaper headlines and advertisements, ambiguity plays an important role and brings better results. Meanwhile, it is a mile-stone in machine translation though it cause some negative effects, the day people overcome the problems rises by ambiguity is also the day they make improvement in machine translation.
【Key words】 Ambiguity; Pun; Euphemism; Use; Communication
模糊语在英语中的运用
【中文摘要】 如果一个词或字符有两个以上的意思，我们就把它称为“模糊语”。根据牛津大学语言学家格莱斯的合作原则，人们在交际中应该尽量避免使用模糊语。由于这条合作原则的表达具有命令性，通常被人们视为交际中的一种规定。然而，在英语中运用模糊语违反了格莱斯的交际合作原则。本文主要探讨的是模糊语的运用及其效果；说明了运用模糊语在修辞中是一种很受欢迎的、用来表达人物的思想感情，陈述者的立场和作者的创作目的的方式。在日常交际中，运用模糊语可以使人们的语言礼貌化和幽默化，从而避开生活中的忌讳语。尽管模糊语与交际合作原则之间有冲突，但是，模糊语使语言更加丰富多彩。研究表明，模糊语是语言发展的重要资源之一，在新闻标题和广告中，模糊语起着很大的作用并带来良好效果。同时，它也是机器翻译发展过程中的里程碑。虽然目前模糊语会给机器翻译带来负面效果，但是，人们一旦克服机器翻译中的由模糊语所带来的问题，机器翻译的发展就会再上一个台阶。

【关键词】模糊语；双关语；委婉语；使用；交际

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