《绣襦记》传奇考述

《绣襦记》传奇考述
摘  要
《绣襦记》讲述的是李亚仙与郑元和的爱情故事，它始于唐代民间说书艺人讲述的“一枝花话”，最早见书于白行简所著传奇小说《李娃传》，收入《太平广记》484卷。宋代罗烨所编《醉翁谈录》中癸卷不负心类亦收有此故事。元明时期的北杂剧《李亚仙花酒曲江池》以至后来的明传奇《绣襦记》皆是在唐宋原有的基础上发展敷演而来。
当代戏曲,如福建梨园戏《李亚仙》、越剧《李娃传》、川剧《李亚仙》、昆曲《绣襦记》、京剧《绣襦记》等亦都是取材于李亚仙的故事。然而，当代戏曲改编多着眼于对封建社会门第观念、狎妓风气、乞丐现象等的批判，对作品真正的内核和精髓表现略少。
本文力图从三个方面对《绣襦记》所述李亚仙故事进行考述，以期能对现代戏曲改编提供有益的参考。一、人物形象分析。李亚仙故事中，李亚仙节行瑰奇，乃烈女佳人之模范；郑元和情真才高，亦为俊逸才子之典型。其他人物，如郑元和之父、仆人来兴、儒生乐道德皆具有一定代表性，使故事更为立体丰满。二、故事情节分析。明传奇《绣襦记》由唐传奇《李娃传》敷演而来，其情节虚实结合，主线分支清晰而又互相支持。三、社会文化现象分析。从该故事中透视古代的狎妓从良、才子佳人等现象。

关键词：才子佳人、传奇、李亚仙、绣襦记
Abstract
The Romance of Xiu Ru begins with a story of Yi Zhihua which was narrated by the folk storyteller in Tang Dynasty, and it was first recorded by Bai Xingjian who wrote it down in the Biography of Li Wa which was embodied in the Extensive Anthologies of Taiping Period, Volume 484. In Song Dynasty, Zui Weng Tan Lu edited by Luo Ye also recorded this story. In addition, the creation of the poetic drama, Li Yaxian Hua Jiu Qu Jiang Chi and the Romance of Xiu Ru were both on the basis of this story.
Many modern dramas altered and adapted the Legend of Li Yaxian, such as, Li-yuan Opera Li Yaxian in Fu Jian Province, Shang-hai Opera the Biography of Li Wa, Sichuan Opera Li Yaxian, Kunqu Opera the Romance of Xiu Ru, Peking Opera the Romance of Xiu Ru. However, modern dramas focus more on criticizing the ideas of background, the common practice of prostitute, and the prevalence of beggar, rather than research in the soul of the writing.
This dissertation tries to investigate in the legend of Li Yaxian in three aspects in order to provide some advisable consultation for the adaptation of modern drama. Firstly, I will analyze the main characters in this story which include the stereotypes of gifted scholars and elegant ladies, Li Yaxian and Zheng Yuanhe, and a few other characters like the father of Zheng Yuane, the servant Lai Xing, and the Confucian scholar Yue Daode. Secondly, an investigation in the storyline will be carried out. The storyline of the Romance of Xiu Ru combines the false and the ture, and its mainline and branches performs perfect coordination. Thirdly, I will research into the social and cultural phenomenon of the writing. We can obtain in-depth knowledge about the aspiration to start a new life of the ancient prostitutes in China and the romance of gifted scholars and elegant ladies.
Keywords: gifted scholars and elegant ladies, romance, Li Yaxian, the Romance of Xiu Ru

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