超疏水纳米氧化镁薄膜的制备及性能研究

超疏水纳米氧化镁薄膜的制备及性能研究
摘  要

　　超疏水表面具有广泛的应用前景,近年来已成为材料研究的热点，越来越多的研究成果向人们生活的方方面面渗透，给我们的日常生活带来了极大的便利。本文在总结近年来超疏水表面的最新研究成果的基础上，叙述了纳米氧化镁的性质、应用及其常用制备方法和研究进展。本实验以七水硫酸镁和氢氧化钠为原料，采用液相法制备超疏水纳米氧化镁薄膜；并且讨论了制备过程中各种工艺条件对纳米氧化镁粒径的影响，以及浸渍方式和次数、表面修饰剂、粒径对薄膜疏水效果的影响，对其原因机理进行简单的分析。实验结果表明：七水硫酸镁和氢氧化钠以摩尔比为1∶2.4配成镁离子浓度为0.3mol/L左右的溶液后反应生成沉淀，经反复过滤、洗涤3～4次后，在120℃下干燥2h，250℃下煅烧4h，制成纳米氧化镁粉体；再通过反复垂直浸渍、干燥玻璃片多次后，可得到性能较好的纳米氧化镁薄膜。所得的超疏水薄膜用扫描电子显微镜观察其表面形貌，结果显示该薄膜为半透明的多孔粗糙结构，其接触角为162°，滚动角为14°。此外，本实验还研究了超疏水表面关于放置时间、热及酸碱溶液的稳定性。

关键词：超疏水性，接触角，滚动角，液相法，纳米氧化镁
ABSTRACT

Recently, super-hydrophobic surfaces have received much attention due to the abroad application. They penetrate all aspects of people’s lives, bringing great convenience. Based on the latest research, the properties, application, common preparation methods and research progress of nano-MgO are discussed in this paper. The super-hydrophobic nano-MgO film with liquid phase reaction is produced. How various factors in the preparing procedure affect the size of nano-MgO, as well as hydrophobic function is discussed too, and so does its mechanism. The results show that the solution of 0.3mol/L was prepared with a proportion of 1∶2.4 and precipitation was produced, then filtrating and cleaning repeatedly. Mg(OH)2 is dried at 120℃, and calcinated for four hours at 250℃, attaining nano-MgO powder; we can attain better super-hydrophobic nano-MgO film after vertically dipping and drying glass sheets repeatedly. All results show that the structure of film is translucent, rough and formed lots of nano-holes. Its contact angle is 162°, and rolling angle is 14°. Besides, this experiment also studies the stability of super-hydrophobic surfaces when placing time, heat and acid-base solution change.

Keywords: super-hydrophobic, contact angle, rolling angle, liquid phase reaction, nano-MgO

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