唢呐流派特色初探

唢呐流派初探
摘要：唢呐又名喇叭，小唢呐又称海笛。我国的唢呐是一件古老的外来乐器，唢呐原是波斯（今伊朗），阿拉伯的乐器。明代正德年间（1506～1521）唢呐已在我国普遍应用。明代武将戚继光（1527～1587）曾把唢呐用于军乐之中。在他《纪效新书•武备志》中说：“凡掌号笛，即是吹唢呐”。明代后期，唢呐已在戏曲音乐中占有重要地位，用以伴奏唱腔、吹奏过场曲牌。而在以戏曲音乐为基础的民间器乐中，唢呐也成为离不开的乐器。我国有２０多个民族流行唢呐，形成不同的流派及演奏风格。唢呐发音高亢、嘹亮，过去多在民间的吹歌会、秧歌会、鼓乐班和地方曲艺、戏曲的伴奏中应用。经过不断发展，丰富了演奏技巧，提高了表现力，已成为一件独具特色的独奏乐器，并用于民族乐队合奏或戏曲、歌舞伴奏。
关键词：唢呐  流派  特色

Abstract: The suona horn is also named as a trumpet , the small suona horn calls the sea the bamboo flute. Suona horn of our country is a antiquited outside instrument , the suona horn plain is Persia (now Iran) , Arab instrument. Ming Dynasty exactly morals (1506 ~ 1521) suona horn already applies to our country during a certain era commonly. In suona horn be used for general Qi Jiguang (1527 ~ 1587) Zengs martial music Ming Dynasty. In his "discipline effect new book & # 8226; Armaments and military provisions says in aspiration ": "All control the number bamboo flute , be to be to play the suona horn ". Later stage , the suona horn occupy important position in Ming Dynasty already in traditional opera music , use music for voices in a Chinese opera in accompanying , play an interlude bending plate. But, in popular instrumental music taking traditional opera music as basis, the suona horn is also accomplished .
Key word: Suona school characteristic

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