合作原则与会话含义

合作原则与会话含义
摘  要
文章介绍了合作原则与会话含义，通过分析会话含义，让人们了解在日常对话中，人们所说的话的字面意思与真正想要表达的意思之间存在着很大的差距。针对这一语用现象，许多学家先后都提出过自己的理论，其中Grice提出的合作原则与会话含义尤其引人注目。会话含义理论是以合作原则为基础，即交际双方都有互相合作求得对话成功的愿望。如果交际一方的话语在表面上违反了合作原则，并非代表其话语没有意义，而是要求另一方推理其隐含的会话含义。文章通过初步探讨会话含义的特点和产生的机制，以及会话含义的理解和运用，使听话者更能辨别说话人要表达的真正含义。成功的交流不仅能传递相关的信息，还能增进交际双方的相互了解和沟通。

关键词：合作原则，会话含义，准则
An Analysis of the Relationship
Between CP and CI
 
ABSTRACT
This paper introduces the cooperative principle (CP) and conversational implicature (CI). Philosophers and linguists have noticed the phenomenon for a long period of time that there is a gap between what people say and what they really mean. To account for this, many linguists put forward different theories from different perspectives, such as Grice’s theory of cooperative principle (CP) and conversational implicature (CI), which are well-known to us. Grice’s cooperative principle (CP) is the fundamental principle of conversational implicature (CI). In order to make the conversation go smoothly and meaningfully, the conversational participants must obey the cooperative principle (CP). If the communicators do not obey this principle, that is, they violate the cooperative principle (CP), the listeners must have to infer the implied meaning in conversation. Through collecting and analyzing daily conversational data, this paper simply illustrates the characteristics and mechanism of conversational implicature (CI), and also explores the understanding and application of conversational implicature (CI) in our daily life, which can make the listeners discern the speaker’s implied intention. A successful communication is not only enables us to cultivate an effective way of understanding utterance beyond words but also enhances people’s communicative competence.

Key Words: cooperative principle, conversational implicature, maxims

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