《第二十二条军规》中的情境反讽、命运反讽及事件反讽

《第二十二条军规》中的情境反讽、命运反讽及事件反讽
SITUATIONAL IRONY, COSMIC IRONY AND IRONY OF EVENTS IN CATCH-22

Abstract: Joseph Heller is a famous American novelist. His master work—Catch-22 is always considered as one of the great literary works of the 20th century. And Catch-22 is also cited as the classic work of Black Humor. So scholars often analyze this novel from the angle of black humor, few people research it by using the irony completely. Actually, irony plays a very important role in Catch-22. It endows the characters and plots with strong painfully cosmic effect. At the same time, the carrion and absurdity of the American military bureaucracy and the capitalist society incisively is present to the readers. Heller has used different kinds of irony in this book. In this thesis only three types of irony are mainly discussed which are situational irony, cosmic irony and irony of events. And in this way, it will provide a new horizon in reading and interpreting of Catch-22.
Key words: Catch-22; situational irony; cosmic irony; irony of events; absurdity

《第二十二条军规》中的情境反讽、命运反讽及事件反讽
摘要：约瑟夫•海勒是美国一位著名的小说家，他的代表作——《第二十二条军规》被认为是二十世纪最伟大的一部文学作品，同时也是黑色幽默的典范之作。学者们常从黑色幽默的相关理论去分析这部作品，很少有人全面地运用反讽去研究它。但事实上，反讽在《第二十二条军规》中扮演着很重要的角色，它使很多角色和小说的情节具有强烈的悲剧性的喜剧效应，同是也更加淋漓尽致地表现出美国军事机构和资本主义社会的腐朽与疯狂。在这部小说中，海勒运用了很多类型的反讽，但因篇幅有限，所以该篇论文主要从情境反讽、命运反讽以及事件反讽来分析这部小说。通过这些分析， 希望可以为欣赏和分析《第二十二条军规》提供一个新的角度。
关键词：《第二十二条军规》；情境反讽；命运反讽；事件反讽；荒诞

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