困惑，逃避与回归— 析《麦田里的守望者》

困惑，逃避与回归— 析《麦田里的守望者》
摘  要

文章主要结合社会背景解读美国二战后的小说《麦田里的守望者》，该小说以主人公霍尔顿•考菲尔德在离开潘西中学在纽约的游荡经历为主线，叙述了他从单纯走向成熟阶段的过程及其成长的艰辛经历。二战后的美国，社会物质生活不断提高，而精神生活变得越来越空虚，从某种程度上说，霍尔顿是当时美国年轻人精神状态的典型代表，其充满困惑的精神寻求也同样具有代表性。论文就霍尔顿的心理历程，从他对成人世界的困惑，对社会的逃避和对自然界的回归三个阶段进行分析，详细论述了他的成长经历以及他对纯真和爱等美好事物的追求。塞林格塑造的霍尔顿这一人物，尤其是他的反叛性，形象地反映了二战后美国青年对美国社会现实的强烈不满及精神危机，小说也因此具有强烈的现实意义。

关键词：霍尔顿•考菲尔德，困惑，逃避，回归
Bewilderment, Escape, Resurrection—on
     The Catcher in the Rye
 
ABSTRACT

This paper mainly analyzes the novel: The Catcher in the Rye with the American’s background of the World WarⅡ. Basing on the Caulfield’s roaming in New York, this novel discusses the theme: the difficulty of growing to maturity, the lonely and arduous trek from innocence to experience, from adolescence to adulthood. After the World WarⅡ, with the living standards went up, their spiritual lives became more and more empty. To some extent, Holden was the representative of American youth, and his spiritual quest also has representative. This thesis explains the experience of Holden from three aspects: bewilderment to, escape from and final inevitable resurrection to the adult world. The three stages of his growth, along with his attempt to protect the innocence of the young children as well as his pursuit of love, truth, life and experience, present vividly the commonplace way to maturity of the youth. The qualities of Holden Caulfield, especially his rebellious essence, display American youth’s strong dissatisfaction of society and their spiritual crisis. So, the novel has strong realistic meaning.

Keywords: Holden Caulfield, bewilderment, escape, resurrection

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