论嘉丽妹妹中工业革命对人的异化

论嘉丽妹妹中工业革命对人的异化
摘  要

文章通过对《嘉丽妹妹》的解读来探讨工业革命对人的异化。《嘉丽妹妹》以19世纪末和20世纪初的美国大都市为背景,描述了一个来自农村的下层女性为融入工业化的都城所遭受的挫折和沉浮。从文本中可以感受到工业革命给普通人生活带来的负面影响及压力。作者指出在工业革命的大背景下，传统的生活被颠覆，似乎没有人能逃脱快速变化的世界的倾轧。社会在其过度的工业化的过程中，实际上促成了人与自己内心的疏离，人与人的疏离及家庭的疏离，传统意义上的道德和人际关系被异化。因此本文认为在机械化、商品化快速发展的工业时代，物质财富表现出的力量不可避免地导致拜物化倾向的出现，即人把自己生产的商品当作异己的对象盲目崇拜。作为都市弱势群体的移民尤其是来自农村的教育程度低的移民女性在此过程中所遭遇的冲击和震撼，足以警醒我们重新审视人长期被工业文明压力所异化的自然天性和精神世界。

关键词：工业革命，人际关系，道德，异化

On the Alienation of Industry Revolution to Human Being in Sister Carrie
 
ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the alienation of industry revolution to human being by interpreting Sister Carrie. Sister Carrie, setting in the American metropolitan landscape at the turn of 19th and 20th century, describes that a woman of low class from rural area suffer from frustration and ups and downs in order to integrate into industrial city. We can see the negative influence and pressure bought by industry revolution. The author points out that the traditional life is subverted in the society against the background of industry revolution. It seems that no one can escape the oppression of the rapid development of the world. Cultural and ethical atmosphere in highly commercialized and industrialized society practically contribute to the human’s estrangement from his inner heart, from human and from home. The traditional morality and relationship among people are alienated. The paper views that in the industrial times of the rapid development of mechanization and commercialization, the forces of the material wealth inevitably lead to the emergence of worship for material. As weak group in big cities, what these migrant people particularly those of low literacy are confronted and inflicted is so conspicuous that it compels us to revaluate and reexamine human’s nature and spiritual world that is long suppressed and alienated by industrial civilization. 

Key words: industry revolution, relationship, morality, alienation

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