浅析会话含义及其语境

浅析会话含义及其语境
摘  要

本文根据语用学理论，分析了会话含义的产生。格赖斯的会话含义理论总结了交际双方为顺利获得准确的会话含义而必须遵循的合作原则。但在现实交际中，在多数情况下，说话人出于某种原因或为了某种目的而有意违反合作原则，会话含义就不可避免地产生了。文章通过对话例的分析，阐述了语境的各种因素对会话含义理解的影响，并对语境在言语交际中的功能进行了论述，即语境可以更好地解释模糊表达、有助于理解会话要点以及能更好地解释不合逻辑的话语，并强调了会话含义的理解离不开语境，指出在会话含义的理解过程中，动态的语境对理解和推导会话含义具有重要的指导作用。

关键词：合作原则，会话含义，语境，交际
A Probe into Conversational Implicature and Its Context
 
ABSTRACT

This paper tends to analyze the generation of Conversational Implicature based on the theories of pragmatics. Grice’s Conversational Implicature Theory focuses on the Cooperative Principle which is supposed to be the basis of successful communication. Yet on many occasions, the speaker would not always follow but violate the maxims for one reason or another, which leads to the generation of the Conversational Implicature. This paper, by giving many examples, analyzes various factors of context and its major functions in communication. Context is helpful to better understand the ambiguous expressions, the conversational focuses and is also helpful to explain the illogical conversations. It emphasizes that the understanding of Conversational Implicature cannot be separated from conversational context, and also points out that the dynamic context serves as an important guide to the interpretation of Conversational Implicature.

Key words: Cooperative Principle, Conversational Implicature, context, communication

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