连接读者和作者的桥梁---浅析“冰山原则”

The Bridge between Readers and Writer
       -----An Analysis of Iceberg Principle

Abstract

     Hemingway as a writer who has great influence on American literature on 20th century, he won the Nobel literature prize because of his work the Old Man and the Sea and his influence on American and world literature. The iceberg principle which he pointed out forms a new writing style and becomes a principle which has great influence on writing. Hemingway has a legend life. His rich experience of life supports his writing and starting the iceberg principle very much.
     The paper includes three main parts. First it analyses the iceberg principle from the view of Hemingway’s individual experience. Second it analyses the iceberg principle from the view of individual expression and influence on readers. Third it concludes the achievement of the iceberg principle.
     Hemingway’s works are loved and concerned by people, not only because they are concise and deep under the iceberg principle, but also because they show the subconscious and collective unconscious to get same feelings with readers.
 
Key words:  Subconscious,   Collective Unconscious,   Iceberg Principle

内 容 摘 要

海明威作为20世界美国文坛极具应影响力的作家，凭借着他的作品《老人与海》和对美国文坛以及世界文坛的影响力，获得了诺贝尔文学奖的殊荣。他提出的“冰山原则”成为了对后世影响广泛的写作原则。他的一生充满的传奇色彩，其丰富的生活和人生阅历为他提出“冰山原则”和小说的创作提供了巨大的支持。
本文主要从海明威的个人经历方面分析“冰山原则”的形成原因和从对个人的表达和对广大读者的影响两个角度对“冰山原则”的特点进行分析，最后对“冰山原则”所达到的艺术成就方面进行总结。
海明威的作品受到世人的关注和喜爱，不仅是受“冰山原则”的影响，有简洁形式和深刻的内容，更重要得是通过“冰山原则”展现的个人潜意识和集体无意识，从而与读者产生共鸣。

关键词：  潜意识   集体无意识   冰山原则

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