浅谈旅游开发背景下的黄果树石头寨“人情”变迁

摘  要

通过对黄果树石头寨进行田野调查发现，石头寨的“人情”具有以下几方面的特征：首先人情消费不但礼金数量较大，而且极具地方特色，特别是收入稳定的中产家庭及更高的家庭，到2009年，他们的人情消费数量巨大，中产家庭占其全年家庭支出份额在1/3以上。其次，从2004年开始进行旅游开发的大背景下对这里的人情及人情消费变化进行分析得到结论，这里的人情消费与以往其他地方的人情消费有一定的相似之处，但也有地方特色。在这里有一种民俗传统——“帮忙换气”已经沿袭了几百年。第三、在研究其范围变化的过程中总结得出“本寨军团”这一结论。第四就是基于业缘关系的人情交往在这里所占份额也显著。随着人情的不断变化，村内的人际关系也发生了微妙的变化。在这个基础上深层次分析其产生的社会根源、变化发展趋势、影响因素及社会后果与功能，找准并解决问题。

关键词：黄果树石头寨  人情消费 “人情”变迁  内关系变化
ABSTRACT
• By investigating the Huanguoshu stone village，I found there are several  features of  the monetary gifts in that village. First the monetary gifts that people sent was not only larger, but also was full of national characteristics. Especially income stable middle-class family and higher family, in 2009, their consumption of gifts accounted for one third in their annual household spending share. Second, tourism was booming in 2004, some experts started to probe into the consumption of gifts in this village, they found that the consumption of gifts was similar to other places, but also had its characteristics. Here is a national tradition "help transpired”, it have followed a hundred years. Third, in the change process of researching scope, they found there was a large and stable gifts legion---- “local village legion”. Fourth, it was based on kindred communication. Of course as the change of the customs, the relationship has also undergone a subtle change. On this basis, we should deeply analysis its social origin, the trend of its change and development, its influencing factors and social consequences, then solve the problems.
Keywords：The Huanguoshu stone village  The consumption of gifts  “The monetary gifts” alteration   The change of inner relationships

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