论我国商业银行信贷风险的管理

摘  要

信贷风险是商业银行业最主要的风险形式，也成为了金融机构和监管部门的工作重心。信贷风险管理的成败不仅关系到商业银行盈利能力，而且对商业银行的生存发展起着至关重要的作用。本文从美国次贷危机所体现出的忽视信贷风险危害入手，分析了我国商业银行信贷风险管理所取得的成就以及所暴露出来的问题：贷前机制尚不完善其主要表现在贷前调查不充分、过度授信以及信贷资金投放集中度过高等方面，贷后管理薄弱，风险管理工具及技术落后以及组织管理体系不完善，法律意识不够，监管约束不到位等。本文亦对外资银行特别是汇丰银行在信贷管理上的经验以作借鉴，对我国商业银行信贷风险管理提出积极调整信贷结构与方向，实行时贷时付模式，执行贷放分控体系，加强贷后管理以及加强财务报表分析的建议。

关键词：商业银行，信贷风险，风险管理
ABSTRACT

Credit risk is the most important part of risks in commercial banks, which is also the focus of financial institutions and regulator. The success or failure of the credit risk management is not only related to the profitability of commercial banks, but also plays a vital role in the survival and development of commercial banks. The U.S subprime mortgage crisis has reflected the severe aftermath of the ignorance of credit risk management. From this perspective, this essay analyzes the current achievement of credit risk management of Chinese commercial banks and the problems exposed: frail mechanism of before-loan, weak post-loan management, backward management tools and techniques, imperfect management organization and system as well as the lack of awareness of law and regulation. This essay also draws on the experiences from foreign banks, especially from the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited (HSBC), and offers some advice on the credit risk management to Chinese commercial banks. It is advisable to actively adjust the credit structure, to adopt the direction of paying when the loan is to implement, to separate implementation from loan, to strengthen the post-loan control and to intensify the analysis of financial statements.

Key Words: commercial banks, credit risk, risk management

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