可变功率家用发酵机的控制系统的设计cad

摘  要
温度是工业生产和科学实验中的重要参数之一,具有非线性、强耦合、时变、时滞等特性。在发酵机使用过程中，对温度的控制更是直接影响着所发酵面粉的质量。
本文针对用户在使用发酵机进进行面粉发酵之前，配制原料时中控制温度的不方便，以及面粉发酵过程中要求严格的温度控制，提出一种智能控制的新方案。
本文介绍了使用AT89C2051单片机控制可控硅导通角实现变功率系统。温度传感器采集发酵机恒温舱内部温度信号，送给单片机，单片机将接收信号与预先设置温度值比较，根据面粉发酵需要，选择控制模式，发出控制脉冲方波，控制可控硅导通角的大小，通过改变电热丝两端电压改变加热功率。
本文内容共分为4章。分别介绍了控制系统的工作原理，硬件设计和软件设计的关键技术。制作电路板，实验、调试该系统中出现的问题及解决方法做了详细说明。
本文所设计的控制系统成功解决了发酵机中温度控制上出现的问题，完全达到了实际要求和设计目的。具有成本低, 硬件电路简单, 调试方便，抗干扰能力强, 故障率低, 维修简单的特点。而且该系统在发酵机市场中尚属首例，有利于发酵机的自动化发展，有很广阔的发展前景。

关键词　单片机；可控硅；温度控制
A Research And Household Application For The Fermentotion Machine Which Can Change Power
Abstract
Temperature is one of the important parameters in industrial production and scientific experiment，it have characteristics of non-linear, strong for coupling, change with the time, skewing etc.. During the fermented course of yoghurt using the mechanism which used to made yoghurt , the control of temperature influence quality of yoghurt we made directly .
This text introduces a new kind of intellectual control scheme. It Solve users' inconvenience controlling temperature while compounding raw materials and strict require of temperature control in the fermented course of yoghurt .
This text introduces a system which using a AT89C2051 single chip computer to control silicon controlled rectifier that realize change of power. Temperature sensor gathers temperature signals inside the thermostatical  cabin , then gives them to the one-chip computer, the single chip computer will compare the signals received with temperature value setting up in advance , according to need of processing yoghurt , choose mode of controlling , send out control pulse square wave to size of control silicon controlled rectifier, change the power of heating through changing the voltage of both ends of heating wire.
The content of this text is divided into 5 chapter altogether. It has introduced the operation principle of the control system, and the key technology of hardware design and software design separately .It also has carried on the mechanical structural design to the thermostatical cabin of the yoghurt machine in addition. It has made essential prove to main point of hardware design, software design main point, principles of shell design with mould design; explained my own experience for common problem that run into as using Protel, Pro/E, CAD software to carry on circuit design and mechanical structural design; made elaboration for the problems and solutions that appeared during establishment of procedure, making circuit of board, experiment, and debugging the system.
The control system this text proposed succeed in solving problems of the temperature control of the yoghurt machine, have totally achieved the goal of requiring and designing actually. It has characteristic of low costs, simple hardware circuit, convenient to debug, strong anti-interference ability, low fault rate, maintain simple maintain characteristic. And this system still belongs to the first in the yoghurt machine market, is favorable to the automatic development of the yoghurt machine, there are very wide development prospects.

Keywords  one chip microcomputer; silicon controlled rectifier; temperature controller

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