基于新《清单计价规范》下索赔问题的研究
摘 要
新《清单计价规范》的施行，为工程索赔提供了保障。但是，由于一些投资主体（或投资代理人）以及承包商对新《清单计价规范》的精髓理解的不透彻，不到位等因素的存在，新《清单计价规范》下的工程索赔还存在着诸多问题，导致双方不敢索赔、不会索赔、不擅索赔时有发生，严重影响到双方的合法利益。工程建设过程中，由于受各种主观和客观条件的制约和影响，会给工程合同各方正常履行合同带来诸多不确定因素，致使索赔事件的发生难以避免。索赔是工程合同管理的重要内容，也是维护和保障合同双方合法权益极为重要的措施，正确认识工程索赔，提高工程索赔的成功率尤为重要。新《清单计价规范》的实施，要求我们从业人员必须第一时间准确把握新《清单计价规范》的精髓和操作要领。承包商在编写投标文件时常为以后索赔埋下伏笔。在工程实施过程中要不断捕捉索赔机会，同时做好索赔证据的积累。业主抓好设计工作，减少工程变更以有效减少索赔发生，编制严谨的招标文件及其合同文件，合理运用风险转移，提高自身的防范索赔水平。通过双方的共同努力建立工程量清单计价模式下的索赔管理体系同时加强对新《清单计价规范》的研究，掌握必要的索赔技巧和策略，促进工程索赔管理法制化、科学化，最终完善我国的工程项目管理体制，从而在激烈的建筑市场竞争中立于不败之地。
关键词 清单计价模式；工程索赔；索赔证据；索赔时效
Abstract
New" standard of valuation of detailed list of project implementation", claims to provide security. However, due to a number of investment main body ( or investment agent ) and the contractor on the new" standard of valuation of detailed list of" essence understanding is not thorough, does not reach the designated position and other factors exist, the new" standard of valuation of detailed list of project claim" there are still many problems, leading to both dare not claim, not claim, claim has not good occur, the serious influence to the parties. In the process of the project construction, due to various subjective and objective conditions and impact, the parties to the contract to project the normal performance of the contract has many uncertain factors, so it is difficult to avoid the claims incident. The claim is the important content of construction contract management, but also the maintenance and guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of both parties of the contract is very important measures, a correct understanding of project claim for compensation, improve the success rate is very important in engineering claims. The new" code of valuation with bill quantity" implementation, we practitioners must be the first time to grasp the essence of" code of valuation with bill quantity" and operation essentials. Only contractors bidding documents compiling written for claims to provide conditions, in the process of project implementation to capture the attention of the claim opportunity, at the same time, make the claim of the accumulation of evidence. The owner to design work, reduces the project change in order to effectively reduce the happening of claim for compensation, compilation of bidding documents and contract documents of rigorous, rational use of risk transfer, improve their prevention claim level. Through the joint efforts of both sides to establish the pattern of project quantity list valuation of claims management system at the same time the strengthening of the new" code of valuation with bill quantity" research, master the necessary claim skills and strategies, to promote the engineering claim management legal, scientific, and ultimately improve our engineering project management system, in the fierce competition in the construction market in the remain invincible
Key Words： Mode of detailed list valuation；Engineering claim；Proof of claim；Limitation of claim
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