绿色贸易壁垒对河北农产品出口的影响及对策研究

摘要
环保问题的日益突出和贸易保护主义的抬头，使一种新型的贸易保护措施随之产生，那就是绿色贸易壁垒。它主要是指一些国家通过制定一系列严格的环保标准和强制性的技术法规，以环境保护和食品安全为借口，限制国外商品进入国内市场的贸易障碍。
中国入世以后，河北农产品出口多次遭受绿色贸易壁垒的冲击。从河北农产品遭受的绿色贸易壁垒来看，实施壁垒的进口国主要有日本、欧盟、美国；从农产品的出口特征来看，遭受冲击的都是河北具有比较优势的农产品如：如粮食、蔬菜、水果、水产品及畜产品。由于绿色贸易壁垒已严重影响河北农产品的出口，因此，通过分析河北农产品遭受冲击的原因，找到河北农业突破绿色贸易壁垒主要途径，将是河北农业当前亟待解决的问题。
通过分析提出突破绿色贸易壁垒的主要途径有：完善农产品质量标准体系，尤其是农残限量标准体系；鼓励农产品认证，提高其出口质量；完善农产品检测体系；积极参与国际标准的制定，争取主动权；开发新的包装材料；利用新技术对传统的包装材料进行改造；借鉴发达国家经验，完善卫生检疫制度。

关键词： 绿色贸易壁垒；农产品出口；影响；对策
Analyses on the Effect of Green Trade Barrier on Hebei’s Agricultural Produce Exportation and on Relevant Countermeasures
Abstract
A new trading obstacle named Green Trade Barrier has been born because of the Emphasis on environmental protection and trading protectionism.
The trading obstacle, characterized by techniques, shadiness, flexibilities and disputes, refers to some countries'restricting the foreign commodities from entering the domestic market on the ground of environmental conservation and food safety issues by establishing a series of rigid environmental protection standards and forceful technical rules.
Since China entered World Trade Organization, green trade barrier has stifled the exportation of HeBei's agricultural produce many times. The main countries that brought green trade barrier into effect to HeBei's farm produce are Japan, America and European Union. In terms of the characters of the exported farm produce, Been trade barrier has seriously affected the exportation of the agricultural products especially vegetables of horticultural products, grain ，fruit, aquatic products and livestock products, which enjoy comparative advantage. So it is imperative to find the best way to break through the green trade barrier by analyzing the reasons why our farm produce are exposed to it.
Through analyzing, main approaches to break through green trade barrier have been set forth as follows:
  To perfect the standard system of farm produce's quality, particularly that of limited remaining pesticide; to encourage certification of agricultural produce so as to improve their quality; to perfect the system of agricultural produce testing ;to actively participate in constituting international standards ;to develop new packaging materials; to take advantage of new technologies to improve the traditional packaging materials; to borrow useful experience from developed countries to better our system of sanitation and quarantine.
Keywords: Green Trade Barrier；agricultural products export；effect；   Countermeasures
 

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