国际技术转让中的限制性商业行为与法律调整

摘要
关于什么是国际技术转让与限制性商业行为，各国法律规定不同。目前国际上还没有一个统一的、明确的定义。限制性商业行为在国际技术贸易中普遍存在，在国际技术转让合同中集中体现为限制性商业条款。国际技术转让中的限制性商业行为实质上是技术转让方以保护其行使工业产权技术和专有技术等合法权利为借口，以最大限度地谋取高额垄断利润为目的，不合理地利用自身的优势地位，人为地限制竞争，在转让技术时向受让方（潜在的竞争对手）提出的一种单向的权利限制。由于限制性商业行为的危害，在国际技术贸易中，反限制一直在与其进行无休止的博弈。
本文采用定量分析与定性分析相结合，系统分析法和理论联系实际等研究方法。通过对发达国家和发展中国家相关立法的分析，总结了发达国家和发展中国家各自立法的特点，比较这两种立法的异同。并分析了区域性的国际条约和世界性的国际公约对限制性商业行为的法律调整，最后回顾了我国相关立法的演进过程。随着我国与其他国家的技术贸易日趋频繁，面对我国立法的现状和引进国际技术的需要，研究国际技术转让中的限制性商业行为与法律调整，就显得十分必要。

关键词：国际技术贸易，限制性商业行为，反垄断法 

International Technology Transfer in Restrictive Business Practices with the Law
 
Abstract
What is on the international technology transfer and restrictive business practices, the law of different countries. At present, there is no unified, clear definition. Restrictive business practices in the international technology trade prevalent in the international transfer of technology as a concentrated expression of the contract provisions on restrictive business. International Technology Transfer in essence, restrictive business practices in order to protect its technology transfer to the exercise of industrial property, such as technologies and know-how under the pretext of legitimate rights in order to maximize profits for the purpose of high monopoly profits, the irrational use of their own dominant position to artificially restrict competition in the transfer of technology to the transferee (potential competitors) to restrict the rights of a one-way. Restrictive business practices because of the harm, in the international technology trade, counter-restriction has been carried out in their never-ending game.
   In this paper, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, systems analysis and theory with practice, such as research methods. Developed and developing countries through the analysis of relevant legislation, developed and developing countries, summed up the characteristics of their respective legislation, comparing the similarities and differences between two types of legislation. And an analysis of regional and global international treaty on the International Covenant on restrictive business practices law, and finally reviewed the relevant legislation of China's evolution. With China and other countries, technology trade is becoming more frequent, in the face of the current situation in our country's legislation and the introduction of international technical needs, the study of international technology transfer of restrictive business practices and legal adjustments, it is very necessary.

Key Words: International technology trade，Restrictive business practice，Anti-monopoly law 

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