对《我已故的伯爵夫人》中戏剧独白的分析

摘    要

作为英国文学史上维多利亚时期最有影响力的诗人之一，勃朗宁主要的成就是他在诗歌中引用了一种新形式，戏剧独白。他作品的戏剧故事不是通过行动讲述，而是通过有关人士的独白展现的。本论文以其典型的戏剧独白诗歌《我已故的伯爵夫人》为例，分析其戏剧独白的写作特色。
本论文首先通过文献综述的回顾，简要介绍了戏剧独白这一写作手法的发展历史，包括戏剧独白的定义，特点，内部动因以及勃朗宁自己对戏剧独白的独到见解。
然后在论文的主体部分以《我已故的伯爵夫人》为例，分析戏剧独白的三要素、独白中说话人的自我分析、读者产生的批判与同情之间的矛盾、以及讽刺作为一种写作技巧在独白中产生的艺术效果。
最后在总结全文的基础上，讨论勃朗宁的戏剧独白对国内外读者产生的影响，及其对世界文学所作出的贡献及意义。

关键词： 罗伯特•勃朗宁；  戏剧独白；  艺术效果；  影响；  意义
Abstract

As one of the most influential poets in Victorian Age of Britain literary history, Browning’s main achievement is that he cited a new form in poetry—the dramatic monologue, his works are not expressed by the action of the heroes while through the monologue spoken by some related speaker. This paper, with My Last Duchess as an example, analyzes the characteristics of Browning’s dramatic monologue.
With the help of the literature review, firstly this paper briefly introduces the development history of dramatic monologue, including its definition and characteristics, some thoughts form Robert Browning's own perspectives and its internal dynamics.
Secondly, taking the poem My Last Duchess as an example, this dissertation analyzes in detail the three elements in dramatic monologue and the self-analysis of the speaker in the drama, the effect of the monologue to help the audience know the speaker well enough, the contradiction between the sympathy and critique for the speaker, and irony as a writing skill in the poem.
Finally, on the basis of summing up the dissertation, the influence of the dramatic monologue on domestic and foreign readers, some comments on Browning's contribution and ideas from critics are also given.

Keywords:  Robert Browning;   dramatic monologue;   artistic effect;          influence;   significance

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