论新农村建设中的土地制度问题

摘　要

我国现行的“集体所有,家庭经营”的农村土地制度明显具有行政主导的特征。这种农地制度虽存在着某些合理因素,但在产权结构上却存在着明显的缺陷, 即法律所有权与经济所有权分离，不利于资源的优化配置，这也是导致农地纠纷和农民土地权益受损的制度原因，为此必须对其进行改革和完善。根据新农村建设的要求,农村土地制度改革的思路应是:进一步延长土地承包期或赋予农民永久使用权；允许农民以各种形式转让土地使用权；建立农村集体公地制度；实行以土地转让为条件的农村人口向城市迁移政策；在科学规划的基础上,规范地方政府的征地行为；将国家对农地的管理由政策管理转变为法制管理。

关键词：农村土地制度；产权结构；新农村
 
Abstract

China's current "collective, family-run," the rural land system was an administrative-led features. This land system, although there is some reasonable factors, but in the ownership structure of the defect is obvious that the legal separation of ownership and economic ownership is not conducive to rational allocation of resources, which is the result of agricultural land disputes and land rights of farmers The real cause of damage to the system, this must be reformed and improved. Under the new requirements of rural development, rural land system reform ideas should be: to further extend the land contract, or to give farmers the right to permanent use; to allow farmers to transfer land use rights in various forms; established system of rural collective commons; to implement a land transfer the condition of the rural-urban migration policy; on the basis of scientific planning, normative acts of local government land; to the management of state agricultural policy management into the legal system by the management.

Key Words: Rural land system; ownership structure; new socialist countryside

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