从文化对等角度看汉语古诗英译

汉语古诗浓缩了中国文化的精华，代表了中国文化的精粹。随着我国改革开放的不断深入和中国文化在全世界范围内的广泛传播，国内的许多学者越来越认识到向国外输出中国文化的重要性。研究汉语古诗的英译是中华文化向外传播，东西方之间语言和文化交流的一个很好的切入点。但是由于语言的隔阂，翻译成了文化交流中最大的障碍。前人的研究大多基于古诗词英译的经验总结以及翻译史料研究。所以如何将汉语古诗精准地用英语表达出来是本文需要仔细探讨的一个命题。本文以奈达的功能对等理论为理论依据，结合归化翻译理论，尝试寻找古诗英译的有效方法。
    本文分为五个部分。第一部分介绍一些与研究相关的基本的定义和研究背景。第二部分提供了分析的理论框架。除了尤金•奈达的功能对等理论，还结合了归化翻译理论。第三部分运用这两种翻译思想结合具体的英译文本，分析指出三种古诗英译中的文化缺失现象：违反常理、无中生有、破坏意境。第四部分是以功能对等理论和归化翻译理论为原则，结合英译文本，指出三种有效的翻译方法：转化法、意译法、增译法。其目的是达到汉语古诗翻译的精准性，为以后的古诗英译指明一些有效途径，最终达到东西方文化的对等和东西方文化间的有效交流。最后一部分总结了全文并指出了论文的局限性。

关键词：古诗英译；文化对等；功能对等；英译文本
On the Translation of Chinese Ancient Poetry from the Perspective of Cultural Equivalence

Abstract: Chinese ancient poetry concentrates quintessence and represents essence of Chinese culture. As China’s reform and openness has been deeply continued and Chinese culture has been widely spread all around the world, more and more Chinese scholars realize the importance of exporting Chinese culture to foreign countries. Therefore, studying the translation of Chinese ancient poetry is a good point for the transmission of Chinese traditional culture and the communication of language and culture between western world and eastern world. However, because of the gaps between these two languages, translating becomes the biggest barrier in culture communication. Previous research mostly based on experience conclusions and reviews. Thus, how to express Chinese ancient poetry in English precisely is a proposition which should be discussed carefully in this thesis. The thesis adopts Nida’s functional equivalence as a theoretical basis and combines it with domestication translation theory, trying to find an effective method to translate Chinese ancient poetry.
The thesis is divided into 5 parts: The first part provides a panoramic view of the thesis, introducing some basic definitions and the background of the study. The second part presents the theoretical framework for analysis. Besides Eugene Nida’s functional equivalence theory, the thesis also combines it with domestication translation theory. The third part applies the two translation theories and adopts some specific English versions of Chinese ancient poetry and analyses three phenomena of culture deletions in the translation of Chinese ancient poetry: violating common sense, creating something out of nothing and breaking artistic conception. The forth part adopts functional equivalence theory and domestication translation theory as translation principles, and for the combination of English versions, it points out three kinds of effective translation methods: the method of conversion, the method of liberal translation and the method of amplification. The purpose is to reach accuracy in the translation of Chinese ancient poetry and offers some effective approaches for the translation of Chinese ancient poetry in the near future. And finally it aims at achieving cultural equivalence and effective communications between western world and eastern world. The last part draws a conclusion of the study, proposes findings and limitations of this thesis.

Keywords: the translation of Chinese ancient poetry; cultural equivalence; functional equivalence; English versions

*若需了解更多与协助请咨询↓→[电脑QQ][手机QQ]【数据协助】