从文化角度看对外政治宣传中隐喻的翻译

近年来,越来越多的学者对隐喻进行了研究，在现代社会逐渐形成了一股“隐喻热”。对隐喻的研究在国外已形成较为完整的体系,其中以George Lakeoff 和Mark Johnson的研究最具代表性。他们认为隐喻在日常生活中无处不在，不仅在语言上，而且也在思想和行动上(1980)。国内对隐喻的研究也主要受这两个人的影响。隐喻不仅是一种语言现象，也是一种文化现象、认知现象。随着我国对外开放程度的不断加深，对外政治宣传工作的地位和作用显得尤为突出。其翻译在对外宣传中占有非常重要的地位。对外政治宣传语言中大量的隐喻都蕴藏着丰富的文化信息，并包含了大量的文化特征和文化背景。本文通过对隐喻，文化和翻译的相关研究的介绍，分析外宣中隐喻的翻译的实质是一种跨文化的交流，并提出在翻译过程中应遵循的指导原则。同时通过例证分析介绍几种在政治外宣中隐喻的翻译策略。

关键词:翻译；文化；对外政治宣传； 隐喻

Abstract
In recent years, more and more scholars have studied on metaphor. In modern society “upsurge of metaphor” has gradually formed. The study of metaphor overseas has developed a relatively complete system and the study of George Lakeoff and Mark Johnson is the most representative. They believe that metaphor is pervasive in everyday life, not just in language but in thought and action(1980).The study of metaphor in China is mainly influenced by the two. Metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a cultural and cognitive phenomenon. With the development of opening up to the outside world, governmental publicity, as a carrier of ideas or statement that are intended for a political cause, has become more and more important and outstanding. Therefore, translation of propaganda plays an important role in publicity because of different linguistic systems and cultures of different nations. Large numbers of metaphor in propaganda is rich in cultural information, feature and background. The whole thesis, through introducing the study of metaphor, culture and translation, discusses that the essence of metaphor translation in publicity is a kind of cross-cultural communication, and then probes the guilding principles in the process translation. It also introduces some strategies employed metaphor translation of publicity by analysizing on examples.

Keywords:  translation  culture  governmental publicity  metaphor   

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