透过《夜访吸血鬼》分析吸血鬼文化
“吸血鬼”一词已经存在了数千年，除了那些古老的传说之外，已经有越来越多的吸血鬼形象出现在现代文学著作和影视作品当中。作为西方一种独一无二的文化，吸血鬼文化有着很长的历史。文学史上第一次出现吸血鬼形象是在十八世纪的诗歌中，以1819年波里杜利的小说《吸血鬼》的出版为标志，吸血鬼很快成为哥特式小说的标志性形象。在这以后，越来越多的作者都开始写有关于吸血鬼的文章，这其中包括詹姆斯•马尔科姆•莱默的《吸血鬼瓦捏爵士》和巴拉姆•斯托克的《德古拉》。尽管当时许多有关吸血鬼的文学作品都保持了批判的视角，但是在二十世纪的文学，特别是电影当中，吸血鬼的形象已经开始超脱人们可以想象的传统形象，例如理查德•麦瑟森的《我是传奇》。二十世纪晚期见证了吸血鬼形象从传统的嗜血怪物到悲剧式英雄的转变，这是因为在那个时代越来越多的作者开始在作品当中展现吸血鬼的人性的一面和特有的悲剧色彩。1976年安妮•赖斯的大卖的小说《夜访吸血鬼》问世，后来这部小说被改编成电影，电影由汤姆克鲁斯和巴拉德皮特主演，这部电影在好莱坞也大获成功。近年来，随着斯蒂芬妮•摩根•迈耶的“暮光”系列小说和由此改变的电影，吸血鬼题材再一次在全球范围内流行起来。那么，为什么吸血鬼会如此的有魅力？为什么越来越多的人开始对吸血鬼题材的小说或是电影感兴趣？吸血鬼背后的意义又是什么？吸血鬼文化带来的影响又是什么？这篇文章正是以电影《夜访吸血鬼》为例从几个不同的方面来讨论分析这其中的一些问题。
关键词：安妮•赖斯 ， 夜访吸血鬼， 吸血鬼文化
THE ANALYSIS OF THE VAMPIRE CULTURE THROUGH THE INTEVIEW WITH THE VAMPIRE
Abstract: The word “vampire” has existed for merely thousands of years. Besides the old legends, more and more images of the vampire have appeared in numbers of modern literary works and movies. Vampire, as one kind of the unique culture in western countries, has a long history in western. The literary vampire first appeared in 18th century poetry. And quickly become the stock figures of Gothic fiction, marked by the publication of Polidori’s The Vampire in 1819. Later, more and more writers begin to write articles about the vampire, including James Malcolm Rymer’s Vamey the Vampire and Bram Stoker’s Dracula. While lots of the articles remain an iconic attitude, especially in the movies ,the 20th century’s vampire are usually beyond the traditional type, such as Richard Matheson’s I Am Legend. The later part of the 20th century witnesses the change of the vampire imagines for more writers start to show the pathetic aspects and their humanity. So the vampire has become the tragic heroes instead of the bloodthirsty monster. Then in 1976, there comes Anne Rice’s popular novels Interview with the Vampire, A film adaptation was released in 1994, starring Brad Pitt and Tom Cruise, which is adapted into a movie Interview with the Vampire, which turns out to be a great success in the Hollywood. Lately, along with Stephenie Meyer’s Twilight series, vampire once again becomes a popular style around the world. So, why vampire is so charming? Why more and more people become interested in the vampire’s films or books ? What is the meaning behind the Vampire? What is the influence of the vampire culture? Well, based on the film Interview with the Vampire this paper will analyze some of the questions and will discuss them from some aspects.
Keywords: Anne Rice ，Interview with the Vampire, the vampire culture
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