“乌托邦”与“乌托邦文学”溯源

西方有不少作家借助神话传说、民间故事或者自己的想象去创建一个理想的社会，并致力于将其转化为人类的现实。这种愿景被后人称之为——“乌托邦”，“乌托邦文学”也随之而产生。本文以埃里斯托芬《鸟》中的“云中鹁鸪国”，拉伯雷《巨人传》中的“特来美修道院”和托马斯•莫尔《乌托邦》中的“乌托邦”作为文本细读对象，从中勘察“乌托邦”与“乌托邦文学”的“源头活水”，以期探究其中蕴含的社会和文化符码。

关键词：云中鹁鸪国  来特莱美修道院   乌托邦   理想社会
The source of the “Utopia” and the “Utopia literature”

Abstract

In order to create an ideal community, many western writers, using myths, legends, folk stories or their own imagination, are committed to convert it to human reality. This ideal was called "utopia" by posterity. "Utopian literature" also came into being subsequently. This paper emphatically analyzes " the cloud BoGu countries" in Elie Stowe Finn’s "Bird", Leromy monastery in Laberay’s " Biography of Giants" and the utopia in Thomas More’s "Utopia", to  explore the source of "utopia" and "utopia literature ", and to explore the social and cultural code in them.

Key words：Cloud BoGu country  Leromy monastery   Utopia   Ideal society

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