论《了不起的盖茨比》中“美国梦”破灭的根源—从美国的“西进运动”谈起

以往对于《了不起的盖茨比》中美国梦的破灭根源的研究，基本都集中在以下的三个方面：盖茨比的性格和心理上的缺陷；小说的时代背景以及横亘在普通民众与资产阶级上流社会间的巨大阻碍。本文拟从一个新颖的视角—美国的西进运动—来分析并探讨这一主题。西进运动不仅与小说中部分人物的出生地有着紧密联系，同时也对文中所有角色的命运和他们各自最终失败的美国梦有着十分深刻的影响。本文将通过对西进运动中形成的五个因素的解构与分析来探索美国梦破灭的根源，这五个因素分别是：东西迥异的自然，虚伪的民主与平等，在西进运动中得到极大发展的资产阶级，西进运动中形成的暴力本质与东部摧毁人物美国梦的力量相同，以及西进运动中形成的极端个人主义。

关键词: 美国梦;西进运动;破灭根源

Abstract
Dozens of researches on the roots of disillusionment of American Dream in The Great Gatsby which had been carried out over the past several decades mostly have focused on three aspects: Gatsby’s psychology and personality defects, the background of the times of the novel and unbridgeable class gap between the upper-class and common people. However, this thesis will discuss the topic from a clue which is quite novel—the Westward Movement, a very important event in the history of the United States, and has an intimate relationship with the birth place of characters in the novel and a profound impact and significance of their fate and the failure of their dreams. This thesis will try to explore the roots of disillusionment of American Dream in The Great Gatsby from another perspective, through deconstructing the five elements formed in the Westward Movement. The five elements are different environment between the West and the East, fake democracy and fake equality and fake root of American Dream, greater gap between newly developed capitalists and other classes, violence bred in the Westward Movement, and ultra-individualism growing out of the Westward Movement.
 
Keywords:  American dream  westward movement  disillusioning roots

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