由电影《刮痧》看中美文化差异

随着经济全球化进程不断加快，不同国家间的交流日益频繁。这其中不仅仅包括经济上的交流，也包括文化间交流。由于不同的文化间存在很大差异，在交流的过程中往往会产生一些误解而带来不必要的麻烦，因此，跨文化交际的重要性不言而喻。中国和美国作为东西文化的典型国家，了解两者间的文化差异在中西文化交流中具有很重要的作用。对跨文化交际知识的学习途径有很多种，电影作为比较大众的传播方式能更生动地体现文化交流中的碰撞并且引起人们对这门学科的重视。因此本文选择《刮痧》这部影片作为切入点，对体现中美文化差异的片段加以分析和理解，探讨中美文化差异的原因并提出相关建议来减少文化交流中的冲突。
本文共分为五个部分。第一部分为研究背景和影片简介。第二部分介绍影片中的差异体现包括对片段的分析和对比。第三部分为中美文化差异的原因。通过对同一片段中不同的两种文化进行横向对比体现出造成文化差异的原因不是单方面的。而是由双方各自的政治、经济、历史、宗教、地理等因素共同导致的。本文的研究方法避免了只重视复杂的概念，而是选择了对电影中的具体片段进行分析。运用举例和对比等手法使得文章内容明了、易懂。基本遵循阐述概念，举例说明，分析特征和总结原因的研究方法。在第四部分中对于文化差异的现象和原因进行总结，指出了在跨文化交际中应避免的问题并给出合理化建议。最后一部分得出结论。
跨文化交际是一个多种文化相互融合的过程，不能从单一的我族中心主义出发，而是要互相尊重互相理解来促进跨文化交流。

关键词：中美文化；差异；原因；刮痧；跨文化交际
The Difference between Chinese and American Cultures Reflected in The Treatment
Abstract: With the step of economic globalization, communication between different countries becomes more frequent. It not only includes economic communication, but also communication in cultures. Due to the difference between different cultures, the process of communication tends to produce some misunderstanding and bring some unnecessary trouble. For China and the United States, as typical countries representing eastern and western cultures, the understanding of cultural differences between Chinese and American cultures is very important in inter-culture communication. There are many ways to gain the knowledge of inter-cultural communication. Movie as a common media can show the collision vividly and cause the attention of people. So this thesis selects the film The Treatment to analyse the cultural differences between China and the United States as well as explore the causes. Then it gives some suggestion to reduce the conflict in cultural communication.
This thesis includes five parts. The first part introduces the research background and the description of the movie. The second part presents and analyses the differences showed in the movie. The third part is mainly about the cause of the cultural difference between China and the United States. After contrasting the difference in the segments, it can be found that the causes include political, economic, historical, religious and geographical factors. In this thesis, the research method avoids expressing the concepts only, but employs the detailed examples and contrasts  to make the article content clear and easy to understand. The method basically follows the step of presenting the concepts, giving examples, analyzing the characteristics and summarizing the reasons. The fourth part points out the problems should be avoided in the inter-cultural communication and provides reasonable suggestions. Then come to the conclusion in the last part.
Inter-cultural communication is a process of compromise of different cultures. What we should do is to respect each other to promote the inter-cultural communication rather than thinking from the ethnocentrism.

Keywords: Chinese and American Culture; differences; reasons; The Treatment; inter-cultural communication

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