不确定性降低理论在对外汉语教学中的应用研究

对外汉语教学是我国对外文化传播的一个重要途径。近几年来，对外汉语也有了较快的发展，但仍然面临着本学科的理论基础不够扎实，师资力量不够雄厚等种种问题。对外汉语教学，较之国内的汉语教学有着十分明显的特殊性，那就是教师与学生分别来自于不同的文化背景当中。以至于产生诸多不可确定性，给彼此之间的交流造成了巨大的障碍。本论文从对外汉语教学的本质出发，运用传播学中的一项重要理论——不确定性降低理论，来分析造成对外汉语教学障碍的原因及其解决方法。具体来说主要分为以下五个部分。第一部分:“引言”，这部分主要阐述了本论文的研究目的，方法及意义。第二部分：“不确定性降低理论简述”，在这一部分中，简单论述了不确定性降低理论的具体内容，并对其发展历程以及现阶段在其他学科的应用情况作了简单概括。第三部分：“不确定性降低理论在对外汉语教学中的应用”，将理论与具体实践相结合，论述了该理论在对外汉语教学中应用的必要性，并从教学的内容设置，课堂气氛营造，教学组织过程及语言测试四个方面来详细论述该理论与教学实践相结合的具体应用情况。第四部分：“具体案例分析”，运用对外汉语教学的实际案例在进一步论证不确定性降低理论应用于对外汉语教学的可能性及必要性，使文章更严密，更具科学性。第五部分：“结论”，该部分对整片论文做了言简意赅的概括，并指出了现阶段研究的局限性，提出了未来工作的意见和建议。

关键词：对外汉语教学；文化传播；不确定性降低理论；
A Study on the Application of Uncertainty
Reduction Theory in TCFL

Abstract: Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language is an important way of the transmission of Chinese culture. In recent years, teaching Chinese as a foreign language has had a rapid development. However, it still faces the fact that the theoretical basis of the subject not enough consolidated. The traditional research of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is rarely from the prospective of communication. Teaching Chinese as a foreign language is obviously different from the Chinese teaching in domestic, because the teachers and students come from different backgrounds of culture. The uncertainties produced by students and teachers tend to create great obstacles in their communication. This paper bases on the essence of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and uses one of the most important theories: Uncertainty Reduction Theory to analyze the cause of the barrier of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, in order to find the effective solutions to this barrier. This paper is mainly divided into the following five parts: The first part, “introduction”, this part mainly expounds the research purpose, method and significance. The second part, “the uncertainty reduction theory”, has discussed the specific content of the theory, and summarized the course of its development and the applications in other subjects. The third part, “the application of uncertainty reduction theory in TCFL”, combines theory with practice. This part has discussed the necessity of this theory in TCFL. The forth part, “typical case analysis”, proposes actual cases to demonstrated the necessity of this theory, which makes the paper more strict, more scientific. In the fifth part, “conclusion”, I have made a brief summary, and pointed out the limitation of the present research. What’s more, I have put forward the future comments and suggestions of the work.

Keywords: teaching Chinese as a foreign language; cultural communication; uncertainty reduction theory;

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