交际教学法在对外汉语口语教学中的应用探析

二十世纪七八十年代兴起的交际教学法是语言教学法研究的最新成果，旨在培养学生的实际交际能力，它认为如果语言学习者只是掌握了某种特定语言的词汇或简单语法规律，却不能在现实生活中使用，即表示其没有掌握该门语言。自二十世纪七十年代后期传入中国，交际教学法便成为我国外语教学研究中的焦点之一。
近年来，随着中国地位的不断提升，对外汉语教学在世界范围内兴起，口语教学占据了外汉教学的重要地位，交际教学法也在对外汉语口语教学中得到了广泛应用。
本论文在探索交际教学法演变过程及分析其在我国英语教学中的使用现状基础上，由笔者在企业培训课堂中的实际教学案例出发，具体探讨了对外汉语口语教学中交际教学法的应用策略。通过分析，得出如下结论：交际教学法应充分重视“教”与“学”两方面的因素，可通过提升语感教学，变更测试体系，关注学生主体性和教学对象心理机制，全面提高对外汉语口语教学效果，提升学生对目的语的应用，从而增强语言的实际应用能力。

关键词：对外汉语；口语教学；交际教学法；教师引导；学生主体性
The Application of Communicative Approach in Oral Chinese Teaching in TCFL
Abstract: The Communicative approach is one of the most important language teaching approaches in the 1970s. It is also known as the functional approach which is based on students’ practical communicative competence. It’s meaningless for students to make grammatically accurate sentences without any idea of their suitability in the target language. Since communicative approach was introduced to China, it has been exerting great influence on our English teaching.
With China's gradual integration with the whole world, the teaching of the Chinese language has gained great popularity. Also the oral language teaching occupies a significant position, as well as the development of the communicative approach.
With an exploration of the evolution of communicative approach, this paper first summarizes both the advantages and disadvantages of its application in English teaching. And based on certain teaching practice conducted in an enterprise, the paper makes a detailed analysis of improving oral teaching in TCFL with  the help of communicative approach, taking into consideration both teachers and students in the teaching process. It is found that in order to enhance the students’ communicative competence; the following strategies can be adopted: pay attention to language sense teaching, modify the test system, concern about the students’ psychological mechanism and advance students' subjectivity.

Keywords: TCFL; Oral language teaching; Communicative Approach; Teacher's guidance; Student’s subjectivity

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